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Mental Methods for Multiplication
5 x 3 is the same as 3 + 3 + 3 + 3 + 3, or 5 + 5 + 5. They all give the answer 15.

Mental Methods for Multiplication

This Math quiz is called 'Mental Methods for Multiplication' and it has been written by teachers to help you if you are studying the subject at elementary school. Playing educational quizzes is an enjoyable way to learn if you are in the 3rd, 4th or 5th grade - aged 8 to 11.

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Understanding the process of multiplication can be quite a tricky challenge for some children. An introduction to this number operation will usually show that multiplication is, in fact, repeated addition. For example, the calculation of 3 x 4 is the same as 3 + 3 + 3 + 3 or 4 + 4 + 4. They are then encouraged to use mental methods to solve multiplication problems by using the number facts they have learned, for example if 3 + 3 + 3 = 9 then 3 x 3 = 9. This is closely related to the mental methods children learn to solve division problems.

Use this quiz to practice mental methods for multiplication.

1.
Jane makes rows of candies. She puts 5 candies in each row.
If she makes 4 rows, how many candies will she use?
45 because 4 x 5 = 45
54 because 5 x 4 = 54
25 because 5 x 5 = 25
20 because 5 x 4 or 4 x 5 = 20
This is the same as 5 + 5 + 5 + 5
2.
2 + 2 + 2 + 2 is the same as:
4 x 4
2 x 2
4 x 2
2 x 2 x 2 x 2
Multiplication is the same as repeated addition
3.
If 2 hands = 10 fingers, how many fingers will 6 hands be?
30 because 6 x 10 = 30
30 because 3 x 10 = 30
30 because 6 x 2 = 30
30 because 2 x 6 = 30
10 + 10 + 10 = 30, this is the same as 3 x 10
4.
2 x 3 = 6 so:
3 x 3 = 6
2 + 3 = 6
3 + 2 = 6
3 x 2 = 6
The smaller numbers in a multiplication can go in either order
5.
Which of the following calculations is correct?
4 x 3 = 12
3 x 3 = 12
2 x 4 = 12
4 x 4 x 4 = 12
3 x 4, 3 + 3 + 3 + 3 and 4 + 4 + 4 would also give the same answer
6.
What are three lots of four?
4 + 3 = 12
3 + 3 = 12
3 x 4 = 12
3 x 3 = 12
This is the same as 4 + 4 + 4 or 3 + 3 + 3 + 3
7.
Which calculation 'family' would be most appropriate to describe 15 cakes?
3 x 4 = 12
4 x 3 = 12
3 + 3 + 3 + 3 = 12
4 + 4 + 4 = 12
3 x 5 = 15
5 x 3 = 15
3 + 3 + 3 + 3 + 3 = 15
5 + 5 + 5 = 15
5 x 4 = 20
4 x 5 = 20
4 + 4 + 4 + 4 = 20
5 + 5 + 5 + 5 = 20
6 x 4 = 24
4 x 6 = 24
4 + 4 + 4 + 4 + 4 + 4 = 24
6 + 6 + 6 + 6 = 24
15 cakes could be arranged in 3 rows of 5, or 5 rows of 3
8.
Which of the following calculations is correct?
4 x 4 = 16
4 + 4 + 4 = 16
3 = 4 = 16
4 + 4 + 4 + 4 + 4 = 16
4 x 4 is the same as 4 + 4 + 4 + 4 = 16
9.
Which of the following calculations is incorrect?
2 x 6 = 12
6 x 2 = 12
2 + 2 + 2 + 2 + 2 + 2 = 12
4 x 4 = 12
All the others show some of the different ways 12 can be made
10.
Pizzas are cut into 8 slices. Which calculations show how many slices there would be if there were 3 pizzas?
3 x 8 = 24
8 x 3 = 24
3 + 3 + 3 + 3 + 3 + 3 + 3 + 3 = 24
8 + 8 + 8 = 24
2 x 4 = 8
4 x 2 = 8
4 + 4 = 8
2 + 2 + 2 + 2 = 8
2 x 8 = 16
8 x 2 = 16
2 + 2 + 2 + 2 + 2 + 2 + 2 + 2 = 16
8 + 8 = 16
4 x 8 = 32
8 x 4 = 32
8 + 8 + 8 + 8 = 32
4 + 4 + 4 + 4 + 4 + 4 + 4 + 4 = 32
If each pizza has 8 slices, and there are 3 pizzas, this is the same as 8 x 3 or 3 x 8
Author:  Angela Smith

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