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You will see Roman numerals on some clock faces.
Roman Numerals Part 1 - What is the Number?
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Roman numerals originated in ancient Rome. What are Roman numerals? It is a system of using letters in place of using numbers. For example: the number “1” becomes capital letter “I” in Roman numerals. The number “2” becomes two capital letters “II”. The two II’s are equal to 1 + 1 = 2.
The number “3” would be three capital letters “III” for 1 + 1 + 1 = 3. Now it gets tricky because the number “4” is not “IIII” rather it becomes “IV”. “V” is equal to the number “5”. In Roman numerals the number “4” is shown as “IV” which is the same as 5 – 1 = 4.
Some helpful hints to remember are:
5 = V
10 = X
50 = L
100 = C
500 = D
1000 = M
1.
For the Roman numeral below, find the answer that it represents in numbers.
CLVI
CLVI
156
46
1506
1005051
In Roman numerals the letter “C” equals the number “100.” The letter “L” equals the number “50”. The letter “V” equals the number “5” and the letter “I” equals the number “1.” Therefore, “CLVI” is the same as 100 + 50 + 5 + 1 = 156. Answer (a) is the correct answer
2.
For the Roman numeral below, find the answer that it represents in numbers.
MDCC
MDCC
15200
1300
600
1700
In Roman numerals the letter “M” equals the number “1000”. The letter “D” equals the number “500.” The letter “C” equals the number “100”. The letters “CC” is the same as or equal to 100 + 100 = 200. Therefore, “MDCC” is the same as 1000 + 500 + 100 + 100 = 1700. Answer (d) is the correct answer
3.
For the Roman numeral below, find the answer that it represents in numbers.
XVII
XVII
18
13
1052
17
In Roman numerals “X” is the same or equal to the number “10”. “V” is the same or equal to the number “5” and “I” is the same as or equals the number “1” so “XVII” is the same as 10 + 5 + 1 + 1 = 17. Answer (d) is the correct answer
4.
For the Roman numeral below, find the answer that it represents in numbers.
DLXI
DLXI
5511
5005022
561
461
In Roman numerals the letter “D” equals the number “500.” The letter “L” equals the number “50”. The letter “X” equals the number “10” and the letter “I” equals the number “1.” Therefore, “DLXI” is the same as 500 + 50 + 10 + 1 = 561. Answer (c) is the correct answer
5.
For the Roman numeral below, find the answer that it represents in numbers.
XLIV
XLIV
44
64
615
105014
In Roman numerals “X” is the same or equal to the number “10”. “L” equals the number “50”. “I” equals the number “1” and “V” equals the number “5.” When a single “X” comes before the letters “L” and “C” it means you must subtract the “X” from that letter. This means that “XL” is the same as or equal to 50 - 10 = 40. When a single “I” comes before the letters “V” it is the same as or equal to 5 - 1 = 4. “XLIV” is, therefore, the same as writing 40 + 4 = 44. Answer (a) is the correct answer
6.
For the Roman numeral below, find the answer that it represents in numbers.
XCIX
XCIX
109
119
909
99
In Roman numerals the letter “C” equals the number “100.” The letter “X” equals the number “10”. When a single “X” comes before the letters “L” or “C” it shows that we must subtract that number. “XC” is the same as 100 - 10 = 90. When the letter “I” comes before a “V” or an “X” it also shows that you must subtract so “IX” is the same as 10 - 1 = 9. That means that “XCIX” is the same as 90 + 9 = 99. Answer (d) is the correct answer
7.
For the Roman numeral below, find the answer that it represents in numbers.
XXII
XXII
112
22
-18
222
In Roman numerals “X” is the same or equal to the number “10”. “XX” is the same as 10 + 10 = 20. “I” equals the number “1” so “II” is the same as 1 + 1 = 2. XXII is, therefore, the same as 20 + 2 = 22. Answer (b) is the correct answer
8.
For the Roman numeral below, find the answer that it represents in numbers.
IX
IX
11
-9
9
4
In Roman numerals “X” is the same or equal to the number “10”. “I” equals the number “1”. When a single “I” comes before the letters “V” and “X” it means you must subtract the “I” from that letter. In this case “IX” is the same as 10 - 1 = 9. Answer (c) is the correct answer
9.
For the Roman numeral below, find the answer that it represents in numbers.
LXVIII
LXVIII
48
518
68
453
In Roman numerals “L” equals the number “50” and “X” equals the number “10”. This gives us 50 + 10 = 60. “V” equals the number “5” and “I” equals the number “1” so “III” is the same as 1 + 1 + 1 = 3. “LXVII” is the same as or equal to 50 + 10 + 5 + 3 = 68. Answer (c) is the correct answer
10.
For the Roman numeral below, find the answer that it represents in numbers.
LXXXV
LXXXV
50305
85
15
615
In Roman numerals the letter “L” equals the number “50” and “X” equals the number “10”. The letters “XXX” is the same as 10 + 10 + 10 = 30. The letter “V” equals the number “5.” This now gives us 50 + 30 + 5 = 85. Answer (b) is the correct answer
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