Geography Quiz - Development 01 (Answers)
You will learn in your KS3 Geography lessons that economic development is the increase in the standard of living in a nation's population. It comes when a country gradually changes from a simple, low-income economy to a modern, high-income industrialised economy. In countries classified as less economically developed (LEDCs), the main industry is farming. Often, the farmers are subsistence farmers. That means they grow crops to feed their own families and don't have much left over to sell. They are amongst the poorest people in the world. Sometimes, their land is taken over and they are forced to go to the nearest city to try to find work.
The Human Development Index (HDI) was developed in 1990 by the United Nations organisation. Up to then, development was focussed on the economy of a nation. It was hoped that the HDI would change that focus to being more about people instead of just money. It takes into account the life expectancy, how much education people receive compared to the amount they should receive and also their standard of living. As a country's industry is developed, the government can spend more on the things that change the HDI, improving people's lives.
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The richer countries are referred to as being more economically developed (MEDCs)
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It includes things like access to health services and education
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They have little or no surplus to sell
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In the poorest LEDCs, literacy rates are extremely low. In the UK, where everyone has good accessibility to schools, the literacy rate is over 99% but even that does not place us in the top 10 most literate countries in the world. In Chad, in central Africa, fewer than 1 in 4 people can read and write
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The HDI of a country can change from year to year
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The education index is a way of comparing how much schooling the average person receives compared to how much they could have received
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Only approx. 30% of the world's population can read
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The HDI of the UK is usually ranked in the top 20 in the world
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South Korea in Asia is a good example of an NIC
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Usually, an NIC will progress to being classed as an MEDC
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