Chemistry: High School: 9th and 10th Grade Quiz - Chemistry - Word Equations (Answers)
This Chemistry quiz is called 'Chemistry - Word Equations' and it has been written by teachers to help you if you are studying the subject at high school. Playing educational quizzes is a user-friendly way to learn if you are in the 9th or 10th grade - aged 14 to 16.
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It is necessary for high school Science students to have a basic grasp of the fundamental ideas in chemistry. This quiz looks specifically at word equations - the method of writing down chemical reactions in words rather than in symbols.
[readmore]When chemicals react together new chemicals are made from the original ones present. One of the best ways of describing what happens in the reaction is to write a chemical equation. When writing a chemical equation you can use two methods - using symbols to represent the chemicals or by using words. A chemical equation tells you which chemicals reacted together (the reactants) and the new chemicals that were made in the reaction (the products). An example is the reaction of sodium with oxygen:
sodium + oxygen → sodium oxide.
Sodium and oxygen are the reactants and there is just one product, sodium oxide.
Unfortunately, even just writing the words 'chemical equation' send shivers down the spines of many students who see them as really complicated to do and there are so many to learn as well, aren't there? Actually, no, you don't need to learn many, but how come?
In most cases, for reactions involving metals, there are fairly simple rules that you can follow. For example, if you know that metal carbonates react with strong acids to form the metal salt, water and carbon dioxide, and you know which salt comes from which acid, you are able to write a word equation for the reaction of any metal with the acids that you know about - that's around 300 word equations from a couple of simple pieces of information. If you haven't realized that, then chemical equations are going to be tough for you because you will have to learn them all individually! You will only be asked to write them for reactions you have come across during your studies.
For reactions between non-metals (including hydrocarbon fuels burning), it is a bit more complex. For example, the reaction of sulfur with oxygen:
sulfur + oxygen → sulfur dioxide.
You would need to know the product is sulfur dioxide and not sulfur oxide - but if you think about it, it is always sulfur dioxide that you will have heard of during your study of science.
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There are chemical reasons for these names but for your exam you just need to remember which acid forms which salt
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Chemical names ending in -ate or -ite always contain oxygen as well as the other non-metal. So if you wrote the word equation carbon + sulfur → carbon sulfate, you should realize that it is wrong because there is no oxygen on the side of the reactants
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The others are not in Group 1 of the periodic table
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Metals above hydrogen in the reactivity series will react with strong acids to form the metal salt and hydrogen. Options 2 and 3 can be discarded immediately as they break the law of conservation of matter. The wrong salt is mentioned in the first option - you get sulfates from sulfuric acid
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This word equation represents what happens when any hydrocarbon fuel is burnt in a limited amount of air
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You should be able to get this from the names but if you are not sure, you can also check by looking at the products
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For the exam, you should know that the main chemical of limestone is calcium carbonate and when metal carbonates undergo thermal decomposition they form the metal oxide and release carbon dioxide
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When answering questions like this, make sure you check that you have the correct salt for the acid as well as the correct other products from the reaction
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This is one of the reactions taking place in the blast furnace to produce iron
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You should recognize this as being the word equation for fermentation
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