This Geography quiz is called 'Coastal Erosion' and it has been written by teachers to help you if you are studying the subject at high school. Playing educational quizzes is a user-friendly way to learn if you are in the 9th or 10th grade - aged 14 to 16.
It costs only $12.50 per month to play this quiz and over 3,500 others that help you with your school work. You can subscribe on the page at Join Us
One of the topics looked at in high school Geography is the features that are found on a coastline. This quiz focuses in particular on those features which are caused by coastal erosion.
[readmore]
Over time the sea can wash away an entire coastline, forcing back human uses of that land (such as settlements or farms) and letting the sea encroach ever further inland. But it is this process which has caused so many of the features we recognize as being a part of our coastline to come about. From cliffs to headlands, caves, arches and stacks, rocky beaches and even bays that shelter ships - these are all erosional landforms.
If you are revising for your high school Geography exam, it is important that you know about these features as they can often crop up. It’s important to understand, not only the definitions of the process and the landforms, but also the mechanisms that caused them to form and that drive the process.
Climate change is increasing the rate of erosion on many coastlines. Rising sea levels and, more importantly, the increased frequency of high energy storm events are increasing the amount of coastal erosion. This leaves coastal communities at an even greater risk of losing the land their homes and businesses are built on.
A key thing to think about is that coastal erosion is driven for the most part by destructive waves that remove material and transport it away from that location, in the same way that rivers transport material. A destructive wave has a stronger backwash than swash. The underlying geology determines how fast the coast can be eroded and what features are left behind as it is gradually removed. Coastal erosion is often managed, but it is usually a case of moving the problem rather than truly preventing the issue of land loss.
[/readmore]
|
1.
|
When the waves attack the base of the cliff they can undercut the overlying rock, forming what sort of feature? |
|
| [ ] |
Raised beach |
| [ ] |
Wave cut notch |
| [ ] |
Arch |
| [ ] |
Stack |
|
|
|
2.
|
Which of the following refers to a coastline made of bands of various types of geology, including hard and soft rock? |
|
| [ ] |
Discordant coastline |
| [ ] |
Concordant coastline |
| [ ] |
Uncordant coastline |
| [ ] |
Variable coastline |
|
|
|
3.
|
When waves hit the cliff face they force air deeper into the cracks in the cliff face, which can weaken and lead to the erosion of this material. This form of erosion is known as what? |
|
| [ ] |
Saltation |
| [ ] |
Abrasion |
| [ ] |
Attrition |
| [ ] |
Hydraulic action |
|
|
|
4.
|
If a cave forms on a headland the waves may erode through to form what sort of feature? |
|
| [ ] |
Stack |
| [ ] |
Arch |
| [ ] |
Wave cut platform |
| [ ] |
Stump |
|
|
|
5.
|
'Old Harry Rocks' in Dorset are examples of an erosional feature left behind after an arch collapses. These tall columns of rocks are known as what? |
|
| [ ] |
Stacks |
| [ ] |
Stumps |
| [ ] |
Columns |
| [ ] |
Megaliths |
|
|
|
6.
|
How are stacks eroded to form stumps? |
|
| [ ] |
The rain and sea spray attack the stack from the top, gradually dissolving the rocks |
| [ ] |
The top-heavy nature of the stack, that may retain a lot of the material from the arch, will break off at the base far below sea level |
| [ ] |
The waves attack the base of the stack until it collapses under its own weight |
| [ ] |
Sediment washing along the coastline will build up and absorb the stack back into a larger landform |
|
|
|
7.
|
Why might a bay form? |
|
| [ ] |
On a discordant coastline the softer rock will be rapidly eroded away, leaving the harder rock to form headlands |
| [ ] |
On a concordant coastline weaknesses allow the water to work its way in and eventually erode a large area |
| [ ] |
A collapsed volcanic crater is flooded leaving a sheltered area |
| [ ] |
Former river valleys are flooded and form ports that gradually turn into bays |
|
|
|
8.
|
Which type of underlying geology is most likely to be formed into straight cliffs? |
|
| [ ] |
Soft rocks like mudstone and siltstone |
| [ ] |
Hard rocks including granite and basalt |
| [ ] |
Loose materials like soils and sands |
| [ ] |
Rocks that are partially soluble |
|
|
|
9.
|
As a wave undercuts a cliff the cliff retreats. What feature is left behind as the cliff retreats? |
|
| [ ] |
Beach |
| [ ] |
Headland |
| [ ] |
Blowhole |
| [ ] |
Wave cut platform |
|
|
|
10.
|
An unusual geological feature forms when caves erode inland and, through hydraulic action, create gaps in the rock to the surface. As a wave pushes in the water is forced out of the top, often in a spout. What are these features known as? |
|
| [ ] |
Blowholes |
| [ ] |
Arches |
| [ ] |
Spots |
| [ ] |
Geysers |
|
|
|
1.
|
When the waves attack the base of the cliff they can undercut the overlying rock, forming what sort of feature? |
|
| [ ] |
Raised beach |
| [x] |
Wave cut notch |
| [ ] |
Arch |
| [ ] |
Stack |
|
|
|
2.
|
Which of the following refers to a coastline made of bands of various types of geology, including hard and soft rock? |
|
| [x] |
Discordant coastline |
| [ ] |
Concordant coastline |
| [ ] |
Uncordant coastline |
| [ ] |
Variable coastline |
|
|
|
3.
|
When waves hit the cliff face they force air deeper into the cracks in the cliff face, which can weaken and lead to the erosion of this material. This form of erosion is known as what? |
|
| [ ] |
Saltation |
| [ ] |
Abrasion |
| [ ] |
Attrition |
| [x] |
Hydraulic action |
|
|
|
4.
|
If a cave forms on a headland the waves may erode through to form what sort of feature? |
|
| [ ] |
Stack |
| [x] |
Arch |
| [ ] |
Wave cut platform |
| [ ] |
Stump |
|
|
|
5.
|
'Old Harry Rocks' in Dorset are examples of an erosional feature left behind after an arch collapses. These tall columns of rocks are known as what? |
|
| [x] |
Stacks |
| [ ] |
Stumps |
| [ ] |
Columns |
| [ ] |
Megaliths |
|
|
|
6.
|
How are stacks eroded to form stumps? |
|
| [ ] |
The rain and sea spray attack the stack from the top, gradually dissolving the rocks |
| [ ] |
The top-heavy nature of the stack, that may retain a lot of the material from the arch, will break off at the base far below sea level |
| [x] |
The waves attack the base of the stack until it collapses under its own weight |
| [ ] |
Sediment washing along the coastline will build up and absorb the stack back into a larger landform |
|
|
|
7.
|
Why might a bay form? |
|
| [x] |
On a discordant coastline the softer rock will be rapidly eroded away, leaving the harder rock to form headlands |
| [ ] |
On a concordant coastline weaknesses allow the water to work its way in and eventually erode a large area |
| [ ] |
A collapsed volcanic crater is flooded leaving a sheltered area |
| [ ] |
Former river valleys are flooded and form ports that gradually turn into bays |
|
|
|
8.
|
Which type of underlying geology is most likely to be formed into straight cliffs? |
|
| [ ] |
Soft rocks like mudstone and siltstone |
| [x] |
Hard rocks including granite and basalt |
| [ ] |
Loose materials like soils and sands |
| [ ] |
Rocks that are partially soluble |
|
|
|
9.
|
As a wave undercuts a cliff the cliff retreats. What feature is left behind as the cliff retreats? |
|
| [ ] |
Beach |
| [ ] |
Headland |
| [ ] |
Blowhole |
| [x] |
Wave cut platform |
|
|
|
10.
|
An unusual geological feature forms when caves erode inland and, through hydraulic action, create gaps in the rock to the surface. As a wave pushes in the water is forced out of the top, often in a spout. What are these features known as? |
|
| [x] |
Blowholes |
| [ ] |
Arches |
| [ ] |
Spots |
| [ ] |
Geysers |
|
|
