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World History: High School: 9th and 10th Grade Quiz - China: Under Mao - 1965-1976 - How Far The Communist Government Was A Dictatorship (Questions)

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One part of high school History covers China under Mao. One subject students will focus on is how far the Communist government was a dictatorship.

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The latter part of Mao's leadership of China's Communist government is dominated by the Cultural Revolution launched in 1966, and officially ending in 1968. To many this was an act of dictatorship. When matters got out of hand, Mao had to call in the army to re-establish order.

Play this quiz and decide for yourself whether Mao's Communist government was indeed a dictatorship.

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What do the letters GPCR stand for?

[ ]	Great Proletarian Cultural Revolution
[ ]	Grand Proletarian Cultural Revolution
[ ]	Great People's Cultural Revolution
[ ]	Grand People's Cultural Revolution

Which paramilitary group, composed of young people, was encouraged by Mao and his cronies to militant action from 1966?

[ ]	Revolutionary Guards
[ ]	Red Guards
[ ]	People's Guards
[ ]	People's Revolutionary Guards

In furtherance of the cult of personality, Mao was filmed swimming in a Chinese river in July 1966. He intended to scotch rumors of his ill health, and to spread an image of robust good health and power. In which river did this incident take place?

[ ]	The Hwang Ho
[ ]	The Yangtse Kiang
[ ]	The Red River
[ ]	The Yalu River

Mao identified "5 black categories", which the Cultural Revolution was intended to eliminate. Which of the following four groups was not in the original list?

[ ]	Rich peasants
[ ]	Reactionaries
[ ]	Rightists
[ ]	University scientists

The Cultural Revolution involved numerous attacks on people and buildings. Which one of the following was not desecrated in this period?

[ ]	Qufu in Shandong Province, the home of Confucius
[ ]	The British Embassy in Beijing
[ ]	Quinghua University in Beijing
[ ]	The Forbidden City in Beijing

In 1968 the government introduced a compulsory "rustication" program for students and young professionals, and 12 million people took part in this scheme between 1968 and 1976. What did rustication involve?

[ ]	Compulsory relocation to a city far away from home, where they would have to carry out manual work for a period of several years
[ ]	Compulsory relocation to a rural area, where they would work on a commune (collective farm)
[ ]	To be sent to another communist country where they would do manual work - either on a collective farm or in a factory (North Korea and North Vietnam were favorite destinations)
[ ]	To be compelled to undertake manual work either at university or in a professional workplace, (a hospital, clinic, surgery, legal premises, architects' or engineers' practice) near their home or place of study/employment

Mao announced his successor at the new Party Congress which opened in April 1969. Who was this to be?

[ ]	Zhou En Lai
[ ]	Lin Biao
[ ]	Jiang Quing
[ ]	Deng Xiaoping

Throughout this period the Chinese Communist Party published the official newspaper which quickly achieved a monopoly. What was this publication called?

[ ]	The People's News
[ ]	The People's Daily
[ ]	The Red Gazette
[ ]	The Peking Daily

"The Red Detachment of Women" was the title of a work of art that received official recognition under Mao. What form did it take?

[ ]	A film
[ ]	A stage play
[ ]	An opera
[ ]	A ballet

10.

Those who were found guilty in self-criticism sessions were expected to wear a particular form of head gear. What was this?

[ ]	A conical penitent's hat like those used in Spain by the Inquisition for heretics in an earlier era
[ ]	A dunce's cap
[ ]	A paper crown
[ ]	A crown of thorns

World History: High School: 9th and 10th Grade Quiz - China: Under Mao - 1965-1976 - How Far The Communist Government Was A Dictatorship (Answers)

What do the letters GPCR stand for?

[x]	Great Proletarian Cultural Revolution
[ ]	Grand Proletarian Cultural Revolution
[ ]	Great People's Cultural Revolution
[ ]	Grand People's Cultural Revolution

Mao believed in "permanent" revolution, and by 1966 he feared that the reactionary middle class, especially university academics, was exerting too much influence. Accordingly, a campaign was launched to remove all vestiges of foreign, or historic Chinese, culture. Chaos ensued, and the military had to be called in to restore order. It was a while before things calmed down and China reverted to its pre-1966 state again

Which paramilitary group, composed of young people, was encouraged by Mao and his cronies to militant action from 1966?

[ ]	Revolutionary Guards
[x]	Red Guards
[ ]	People's Guards
[ ]	People's Revolutionary Guards

These young people attacked and intimidated perceived opponents of the regime. They threatened foreigners, damaged cultural icons and quickly became out of control. In July 1968 they themselves were purged, and the PLA enforced their demise

[ ]	The Hwang Ho
[x]	The Yangtse Kiang
[ ]	The Red River
[ ]	The Yalu River

Mao was in fact unwell, and he became more unwell in the years before his death in 1976. The swimming incident complemented the familiar propaganda that depicted him as superhuman: places were named after him, and sculptures and portraits of him were displayed in both public and private places

Mao identified "5 black categories", which the Cultural Revolution was intended to eliminate. Which of the following four groups was not in the original list?

[ ]	Rich peasants
[ ]	Reactionaries
[ ]	Rightists
[x]	University scientists

Anyone who harked back to the past in any respect - culturally, intellectually, economically or politically, was at risk

The Cultural Revolution involved numerous attacks on people and buildings. Which one of the following was not desecrated in this period?

[ ]	Qufu in Shandong Province, the home of Confucius
[ ]	The British Embassy in Beijing
[ ]	Quinghua University in Beijing
[x]	The Forbidden City in Beijing

Cultural sites were especially targeted: shrines, seats of learning, buildings associated with previous regimes, and foreign property

[ ]	Compulsory relocation to a city far away from home, where they would have to carry out manual work for a period of several years
[x]	Compulsory relocation to a rural area, where they would work on a commune (collective farm)
[ ]	To be sent to another communist country where they would do manual work - either on a collective farm or in a factory (North Korea and North Vietnam were favorite destinations)
[ ]	To be compelled to undertake manual work either at university or in a professional workplace, (a hospital, clinic, surgery, legal premises, architects' or engineers' practice) near their home or place of study/employment

Mao regarded students and professional people as decadent, and potentially subversive. He only really trusted peasants

Mao announced his successor at the new Party Congress which opened in April 1969. Who was this to be?

[ ]	Zhou En Lai
[x]	Lin Biao
[ ]	Jiang Quing
[ ]	Deng Xiaoping

Dictators often prefer to announce their successor in advance, to try to prevent squabbles on their death

Throughout this period the Chinese Communist Party published the official newspaper which quickly achieved a monopoly. What was this publication called?

[ ]	The People's News
[x]	The People's Daily
[ ]	The Red Gazette
[ ]	The Peking Daily

There was no free speech in China, certainly after the Cultural Revolution

"The Red Detachment of Women" was the title of a work of art that received official recognition under Mao. What form did it take?

[ ]	A film
[ ]	A stage play
[ ]	An opera
[x]	A ballet

All kinds of artistic expression were expected to depict either Mao or an industrial or agricultural workplace - rather like "Socialist Realism" in Soviet Russia

10.

Those who were found guilty in self-criticism sessions were expected to wear a particular form of head gear. What was this?

[ ]	A conical penitent's hat like those used in Spain by the Inquisition for heretics in an earlier era
[x]	A dunce's cap
[ ]	A paper crown
[ ]	A crown of thorns

Much emphasis was placed in the Chinese Communist Party on confessions and humiliation