Paintings and Palaces will test your knowledge of art and architecture.
Art during the Middle Ages was most often inspired by religion. It was a time when people were devoted to their faith and consequently most art of the time has a religious theme. It was also a time when the ancient world was drawing near to the modern, and pieces from the 15th century, the time of the Wars of the Roses, were a merging of ancient and modern styles. Unfortunately few pieces of Medieval art survive today, but those which we do have give us some insight into their methods and their minds.
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The Gothic period, with its magnificent architecture, was coming to an end and the Renaissance was about to begin. Works done between the two periods, in the mid-15th century, had hints of both genres
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Their main use was to spout water which had collected in the gutters, but they also represented demonic evil to the common folk. Gargoyles were also thought to scare evil spirits away from the church, keeping the inside safe and holy
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The name fresco comes from the Italian for fresh. They were painted onto freshly laid lime plaster and when it set, the painting became an integral part of the wall. Perhaps the most famous fresco is 'The Last Supper', painted by Leonardo da Vinci in the 1490s
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Edward was the patron saint of England until the Normans replaced him with the Turkish Saint George. He was admired by King Henry III who built an impressive shrine for Edward, the king who had ruled England 200 years before
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Often the panel paintings were painted on several pieces of wood which were joined together. Church altars were decorated by panel paintings called altarpieces, fitted with moving side panels and hinges. These, as with so much of Medieval art, depicted religious and biblical subjects
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The Bishop of Bath and Wells visited the Abbey in 1499 and found it in ruins. He undertook to have it rebuilt and the Vertue brothers are reported to have said of their work, "Ther shal be noone so goodeley, neither in England nor in France". Robert died in 1506 and his brother William in 1527
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The window depicts the Bible scene, 'The Tree of Jesse' and was made for York Minster around 1170. The windows helped to explain Bible stories to the congregation who were, for the most part, illiterate. Stained windows and other church decorations have been nicknamed the Poor Man's Bible
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Smyth was a Gothic architect and is credited with designing parts of Wells Cathedral, Sherborne Abbey and Milton Abbey. He died in 1490, shortly after the end of the Wars of the Roses
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The books were often decorated with gold or silver and were very expensive. Thousands of them have been preserved and represent most of the examples of Medieval painting still in existence today
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The splendour of the chapel led to it being called "the wonder of the world" by John Leland, a 16th century poet. It contains the tombs of several monarchs descended from Henry, as well as that of Henry himself. Edward VI, Elizabeth I, Mary I, James I, Charles II and Mary Queen of Scots are all interred there. It was designed by Reginald Bray who died in 1503
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