World War One and its aftermath is amongst the topics studied in GCSE History and one aspect looked at is the peace settlements and treaties signed after the war's end. This is the first of four quizzes on that subject and it looks specifically at the Paris Peace Conference and the aims of the three main powers - Britain, France and the USA.
After the end of the fighting in World War One, came the terms for peace. Britain, the United States and France all had different aims as they assembled near Paris for the peace conference of January 1919, following the Armistice signed by Germany in November the previous year. US President Wilson favoured a conciliatory deal, but France was out for revenge. Britain's stance was somewhere between the two.
See how much you know about the Paris Peace Conference, which sought to bring World War One officially to an end, in this quiz.
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You can find more about this topic by visiting BBC Bitesize - Paris Peace Treaties and the League of Nations, to 1933
In January 1918 Wilson first presented his proposals for a lasting peace. At that time the German high command were reluctant to do a deal, but by October 1918 - when they felt that they were likely to lose the war - they were prepared to accept an armistice and to negotiate a final peace
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Any French leader in 1919 would have adopted a belligerent stance towards Germany. France's physical losses were immense. Huge numbers of men were either dead or wounded, and large swathes of French territory had been devastated. The French sought revenge, and an assurance that nothing similar would ever happen again
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The public mood in Britain was hostile to Germany after more than four years of bitter war. Women over 30 were granted the vote for the first time, and many serving military personnel took part
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The recovery of lost lands was a fundamental French war aim
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Wilson opposed such payments, but the French were insistent. Lloyd George helpfully suggested a commission to consider the matter, and to report their findings by May 1921
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Wilson believed that settled populations of Europeans could choose their own state of residence without having to move, or without forcing others to do so
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Wilson assumed that every signatory to the Treaty of Versailles would join his international body. Without so joining, they would not be able to sign the eventual treaty, and thus they would remain technically at war
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France (and its close ally Belgium) were dissatisfied with the protection afforded by the Treaty of Versailles itself. They - together with Great Britain - sought extra protection from a special extra treaty, whereby the USA would automatically intervene to thwart any attempt by Germany to reverse the terms of Versailles in the West
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Wilson insisted that - while these ex-colonies could not be expected to be self-governing - they must be ruled responsibly by powers who also already held colonies of their own
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Both the German fleet and the British fleet had fought each other at the Battle of Jutland in May/June 1916 in an indecisive naval engagement. Lloyd George was determined to end the threat of German naval predominance by insisting on harsh terms at the Treaty of Versailles in respect of Germany's naval potential
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