Fascinating Fact:
In container design, cylinder volume is V = πr²h and sphere volume is V = 4⁄3 πr³. Double radius multiplies cylinder volume by 4 and sphere volume by 8.
In GCSE Maths (Higher), you’ll work confidently with formulas: substituting values, rearranging to make a variable the subject, and applying powers, roots, and units. Expect areas, perimeters, volumes, and motion equations.
Key Terms
- Formula: A rule linking quantities, usually with letters, such as A = πr² or v = u + at.
- Subject of the formula: The variable written alone on one side, e.g., rearranging v = u + at to make a the subject.
- Substitute: Replacing letters with numbers (with correct units) before calculating.
Frequently Asked Questions (Click to see answers)
How do I rearrange a formula to make a variable the subject?
Undo operations step by step on both sides. For example, from v = u + at, subtract u to get v − u = at, then divide by t: a = (v − u)⁄t.
What is the difference between a formula, an equation, and an expression?
An expression has no equals sign. An equation states two things are equal. A formula is a general equation linking variables, used for many problems.
How do I avoid unit mistakes in formula questions?
Convert to consistent units before substituting (e.g., cm to m). Carry units through your working and check the final unit matches the quantity.
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