High School English Quiz -
Grammar 46 - Nominalisation - Adjectives into Nouns 2 (Answers)
In this, the third High English grammar quiz on nominalisation, as in the previous quiz we continue with the rules of grammar when nominalising adjectives into nouns.
We have seen how adjectives describe nouns. These are helpful in providing more information about the subject we are describing. If my friend has lots of wealth, probably, I would call him a rich friend. Here, we note that a friend is described as ‘rich’ and this provides much more information than just ‘friend.’ ‘Rich’ is an adjective. There are many other adjectives: 'friendly', 'happy', 'slim', 'old', 'rough', 'soft', not to mention all the colours, 'red', 'orange', 'yellow', 'green' 'blue', 'black', 'white', 'brown', 'purple' etc... All of these words we use to describe people, places or things are adjectives.
[readmore]Adjectives are categorised into various types, such as adjectives of quantity and adjectives of comparison. We also have possessive adjectives and demonstrative adjectives. Sometimes, as we saw in the previous quiz, we can use some adjectives in a slightly different way by modifying them to become nouns. When we do this we are nominalising them.
Adjectives can be modified into nouns by adding suffixes just as we did with verbs. Sometimes more than one suffix can be added to the adjective. For instance, words such as ‘sensitive’ can be nominalised to form ‘sensitivity’ by adding the suffix ‘-ity’ with modifications or ‘sensitiveness’ by adding the suffix ‘-ness.’
We also have what are known as zero-derivation adjectives where the base form of the adjective is also used as a nominalised adjective to perform the functions of a noun. For instance, ‘destitute’ is an adjective and it can perform the functions of a noun, as in this sentence:
‘In the year 2013 the city had a large number of destitute children and in 2014 the number of destitutes went up significantly.’
Here the adjective ‘destitute’ is used as a noun in the latter part of the sentence. This aspect of adjectives is common with those that indicate a collective group. Words in this category include 'poor', 'blind' and 'deaf'. Of course, 'blind' and 'deaf' can also have 'blindness' and 'deafness' as the nominalised forms. Take this quiz and learn the rules of grammar to follow when nominalising adjectives into nouns.
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The nominalised form of 'cheerful' is 'cheerfulness' which is formed by adding the suffix '-ness.' Options 2 and 3 use incorrect nominalised forms. Don't be fooled by option 4! Remember that 'forget' is a verb and 'forgetful' is an adjective
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The nominalised form of 'generous' is 'generosity,' and that of 'sensitive' is 'sensitivity'. These are both formed by adding the suffix '-ity' with modifications. The other options use an incorrect nominalised form for one of the adjectives in each
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The nominalised form of 'difficult' is 'difficulty' which is formed by adding the suffix '-y.' Options 1 and 3 use the incorrect nominalised form. In option 4 the verb 'performed' is nominalised
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The nominalised form of 'important' is 'importance', and that of 'independent' is 'independence', both of which are formed by adding the suffix '-nce' with modifications. The other options each use the incorrect nominalised form for one of the adjectives
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The nominalised form of 'scarce' is 'scarcity' which is formed by adding the suffix '-ity' with modifications. The other options all use the incorrect nominalised form of 'scarce'
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The nominalised form of 'strong' is 'strength' which is formed uniquely. The other options use the incorrect nominalised form of 'strong'
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The nominalised form of 'happy' is 'happiness' which is formed by adding the suffix '-ness' with modifications. The other options all use the incorrect nominalised form of 'happy'
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The nominalised form of 'valuable' is 'value' which is formed uniquely. The other options all use the incorrect nominalised form of 'valuable'
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The nominalised form of 'able' is 'ability' and of 'formal' is 'formality.' The adjectives in the other options are zero-derivation adjectives, which can be used in their base form without adding a suffix. These are usually employed to indicate a collective group
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The nominalised form of 'handicapped' is 'handicapped' itself. This is a zero-derivation adjective which can be used in its base form without adding a suffix and this is usually employed to indicate a collective group. In option 2 'handicapped' is a verb. In options 3 and 4 'handicapped' is an adjective
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