The World Beyond looks at historical dates in the wider world.
The Wars of the Roses was a major event in England's history. The outcome of the war would change not only the future of the nation, but possibly that of the world. Across the globe beyond England's shores other equally important events were taking place. Find out about some historical dates which occurred in the wider world during England's Wars of the Roses.
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The city, known today as Istanbul, had been the capital of the Eastern Roman (or Byzantine) Empire since its founding in 330AD. It had long been under threat from the invading Ottoman Empire and it finally fell after a 7 week siege. The Roman Empire, which had lasted for 1,480 years, was no more
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The defeat was a humiliation for the English who had once controlled lands stretching from the English Channel to the borders of Spain. The loss was a major factor in bringing about the Wars of the Roses as it drove England's King Henry VI, who had at one time been proclaimed the King of France, into one of his bouts of madness
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Vlad's family name was Draculesti and he is thought to be one of the inspirations for Bram Stoker's vampire, Dracula. He is also known as Vlad the Impaler for his habit of mounting his still-living enemies on spikes. It is said that the Ottomans retreated from Wallachia after discovering 20,000 of their comrades impaled in this way
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The civil war, fought between rival warlords, did not come to an end until 1615 when the country was unified by Tokugawa Ieyasu. The war culminated in the Battle of Sekigahara, in which 170,000 men fought; roughly the same as the amount of men who fought at Waterloo, 200 years later - and far, far more than fought in any battle of the Wars of the Roses
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Ferdinand was to become the king of Aragon and Isabella was heir to the kingdom of Castille. When the two came into their inheritances Ferdinand became ruler of both realms and their heir, Joanna I, became the first monarch of the united Spain in 1504
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Guru Nanak was the very first of the Sikh Gurus and his birthday is celebrated as the festival of Kartik Puranmashi. The new faith proved to be popular and the Sikh religion today has almost 30 million followers
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It is not known why the name was given. It may be a reference to the colour of their tents or possibly their perceived wealth. The victorious leader of the Moldavians, Stephen The Great, was made a saint in 1992 by the Romanian Orthodox Church
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During Ivan's 43-year reign he expanded the borders of his lands threefold, defeated the Golden Horde and built the Kremlin which stands in Moscow to this day. His grandson, Ivan the Terrible, was to be the first Tsar of Russia
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The Inquisition was set up by the Spanish monarch to ensure that everyone in the kingdom was practising Catholic Orthodoxy. The Inquisition tried an estimated 150,000 people for heresy, approximately 5,000 of whom were executed. The Inquisition finally ended in 1834, some 356 years after it began
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The Vijayanagara Empire covered the southern half of what is now India and was founded in 1336. It endured for more than 300 years until its eventual break up in 1646
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