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History Quiz - World War One Aftermath: 1919 - Paris Peace Conference - Aims Of The "Big Three" (Questions)

Explore the 1919 Paris Peace Conference in this GCSE History quiz, focusing on the aims of the Big Three and how they planned to reshape Europe after war.

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Fascinating Fact:

Lloyd George wanted to reduce Germany’s navy and take its colonies. This would protect British naval power and strengthen the British Empire without totally destroying Germany’s economy.

In GCSE History, you learn how the Paris Peace Conference tried to turn victory in the First World War into a lasting peace. The Big Three had to balance punishment, security, and fairness.

Key Terms

  • Paris Peace Conference: The meeting of victorious powers in 1919 to decide peace terms and redraw borders after the First World War.
  • Big Three: The three main Allied leaders at Paris in 1919: Woodrow Wilson, Georges Clemenceau, and David Lloyd George.
  • Treaty of Versailles: The main peace treaty with Germany, signed in June 1919, setting territorial, military, and reparations terms.

Frequently Asked Questions (Click to see answers)

What was the main purpose of the Paris Peace Conference in 1919?

The Paris Peace Conference aimed to decide the peace terms after the First World War. The Allies used it to deal with Germany and its allies and to redraw the map of Europe.

Who were the Big Three at the Paris Peace Conference?

The Big Three were Woodrow Wilson of the United States, Georges Clemenceau of France, and David Lloyd George of Britain. Each leader arrived with different aims and pressures at home.

Why was the Treaty of Versailles seen as controversial?

Many Germans saw the Treaty of Versailles as unfair and humiliating, while some Allied politicians thought it was not harsh enough. This disagreement helped create tension in the inter-war years.

Try These Related Quizzes

1. Woodrow Wilson's proposals as guidelines for a fair and successful peace were set out early in 1918 in a list of points. What name was given to these?
[ ] The 14 Conditions
[ ] The 14 Clauses
[ ] The 14 Points
[ ] The 14 Tenets
2. At the Versailles peace talks France was represented by a pugnacious leader whose nickname was "The Tiger" ("Le Tigre") on account of his very hostile attitude to Germany. What was his name?
[ ] Clemenceau
[ ] Foch
[ ] Poincare
[ ] Joffre
3. Britain was represented at Versailles by the Prime Minister, David Lloyd George. During the general election campaign of late 1918 he promised severe terms on Germany at the impending peace talks at Versailles. What name is often given to this election?
[ ] The Peace Election
[ ] The Revenge Election
[ ] The Khaki Election
[ ] The Soldiers' Election
4. One of France's minimum demands at the Versailles talks was the recovery of two French provinces seized by Germany after the Franco-Prussian War of 1870-1. What were these provinces called?
[ ] Alsace and Lorraine
[ ] Eupen and Malmedy
[ ] Moresnet and the Saarland
[ ] Burgundy and Savoy
5. Britain and - especially - France insisted that Germany should pay for all the loss and damage that they had incurred in the war. What name was given to payments (either in cash or in kind) to compensate the Allies for such losses?
[ ] Retrenchment
[ ] Vengeance Payments
[ ] Reparations
[ ] Adjustments
6. As an over-arching principle Wilson suggested that local populations should decide in which state they should reside - in other words without having to move. What name did he give to this principle?
[ ] Independence
[ ] Self-determination
[ ] Self-rule
[ ] Autonomy
7. Wilson proposed an international organisation to enforce the terms of the eventual treaty. Indeed, adherence to this body was a condition of signing the treaty at all. What name was given to this entity?
[ ] The League of Nations
[ ] The United Nations
[ ] The Congress of Nations
[ ] The Coalition of Nations
8. During the negotiations both Britain and France (also acting for Belgium) sought a special promise from the United States that she would come to their assistance in the event of a future German attack. What name was given to this treaty that was, in the event, never signed?
[ ] Treaty of Protection
[ ] Treaty of Guarantee
[ ] Non-Aggression Pact
[ ] The Pact of Paris
9. At Versailles Germany was stated to be unfit to hold colonies. These were to be held under international control by the victorious powers. What name was given to their new status, ruled - perhaps only temporarily - by Britain, France or Belgium?
[ ] Mandates
[ ] Subsidiary states
[ ] Dependencies
[ ] Devolved states
10. Britain in particular was determined to destroy Germany's naval potential. What name was given to the German fleet which was based at ports on the North Sea coast, and which also could take advantage of the Kiel Canal to use ports like Kiel on Germany's Baltic coast?
[ ] The Imperial Fleet
[ ] The High Water Fleet
[ ] The Grand Fleet
[ ] The High Seas Fleet

You can find more about this topic by visiting BBC Bitesize - Paris Peace Treaties and the League of Nations, to 1933

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History Quiz - World War One Aftermath: 1919 - Paris Peace Conference - Aims Of The "Big Three" (Answers)
1. Woodrow Wilson's proposals as guidelines for a fair and successful peace were set out early in 1918 in a list of points. What name was given to these?
[ ] The 14 Conditions
[ ] The 14 Clauses
[x] The 14 Points
[ ] The 14 Tenets
In January 1918 Wilson first presented his proposals for a lasting peace. At that time the German high command were reluctant to do a deal, but by October 1918 - when they felt that they were likely to lose the war - they were prepared to accept an armistice and to negotiate a final peace
2. At the Versailles peace talks France was represented by a pugnacious leader whose nickname was "The Tiger" ("Le Tigre") on account of his very hostile attitude to Germany. What was his name?
[x] Clemenceau
[ ] Foch
[ ] Poincare
[ ] Joffre
Any French leader in 1919 would have adopted a belligerent stance towards Germany. France's physical losses were immense. Huge numbers of men were either dead or wounded, and large swathes of French territory had been devastated. The French sought revenge, and an assurance that nothing similar would ever happen again
3. Britain was represented at Versailles by the Prime Minister, David Lloyd George. During the general election campaign of late 1918 he promised severe terms on Germany at the impending peace talks at Versailles. What name is often given to this election?
[ ] The Peace Election
[ ] The Revenge Election
[x] The Khaki Election
[ ] The Soldiers' Election
The public mood in Britain was hostile to Germany after more than four years of bitter war. Women over 30 were granted the vote for the first time, and many serving military personnel took part
4. One of France's minimum demands at the Versailles talks was the recovery of two French provinces seized by Germany after the Franco-Prussian War of 1870-1. What were these provinces called?
[x] Alsace and Lorraine
[ ] Eupen and Malmedy
[ ] Moresnet and the Saarland
[ ] Burgundy and Savoy
The recovery of lost lands was a fundamental French war aim
5. Britain and - especially - France insisted that Germany should pay for all the loss and damage that they had incurred in the war. What name was given to payments (either in cash or in kind) to compensate the Allies for such losses?
[ ] Retrenchment
[ ] Vengeance Payments
[x] Reparations
[ ] Adjustments
Wilson opposed such payments, but the French were insistent. Lloyd George helpfully suggested a commission to consider the matter, and to report their findings by May 1921
6. As an over-arching principle Wilson suggested that local populations should decide in which state they should reside - in other words without having to move. What name did he give to this principle?
[ ] Independence
[x] Self-determination
[ ] Self-rule
[ ] Autonomy
Wilson believed that settled populations of Europeans could choose their own state of residence without having to move, or without forcing others to do so
7. Wilson proposed an international organisation to enforce the terms of the eventual treaty. Indeed, adherence to this body was a condition of signing the treaty at all. What name was given to this entity?
[x] The League of Nations
[ ] The United Nations
[ ] The Congress of Nations
[ ] The Coalition of Nations
Wilson assumed that every signatory to the Treaty of Versailles would join his international body. Without so joining, they would not be able to sign the eventual treaty, and thus they would remain technically at war
8. During the negotiations both Britain and France (also acting for Belgium) sought a special promise from the United States that she would come to their assistance in the event of a future German attack. What name was given to this treaty that was, in the event, never signed?
[ ] Treaty of Protection
[x] Treaty of Guarantee
[ ] Non-Aggression Pact
[ ] The Pact of Paris
France (and its close ally Belgium) were dissatisfied with the protection afforded by the Treaty of Versailles itself. They - together with Great Britain - sought extra protection from a special extra treaty, whereby the USA would automatically intervene to thwart any attempt by Germany to reverse the terms of Versailles in the West
9. At Versailles Germany was stated to be unfit to hold colonies. These were to be held under international control by the victorious powers. What name was given to their new status, ruled - perhaps only temporarily - by Britain, France or Belgium?
[x] Mandates
[ ] Subsidiary states
[ ] Dependencies
[ ] Devolved states
Wilson insisted that - while these ex-colonies could not be expected to be self-governing - they must be ruled responsibly by powers who also already held colonies of their own
10. Britain in particular was determined to destroy Germany's naval potential. What name was given to the German fleet which was based at ports on the North Sea coast, and which also could take advantage of the Kiel Canal to use ports like Kiel on Germany's Baltic coast?
[ ] The Imperial Fleet
[ ] The High Water Fleet
[ ] The Grand Fleet
[x] The High Seas Fleet
Both the German fleet and the British fleet had fought each other at the Battle of Jutland in May/June 1916 in an indecisive naval engagement. Lloyd George was determined to end the threat of German naval predominance by insisting on harsh terms at the Treaty of Versailles in respect of Germany's naval potential
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