History Quiz - The Industrial Revolution 01 (Answers)
This KS3 History quiz challenges you on the Industrial Revolution. The term 'Industrial Revolution' refers to the changes that occurred in Britain between about 1750 and 1900. It involved a change from small domestic industry to large-scale manufacturing in factories. During the eighteenth century and before, manufactured goods were made locally and on a small scale in cottage industries. Before the Industrial Revolution, some textiles were made in homes and others in small workshops where several people worked for a master weaver.
During the course of the eighteenth century, the machinery used for weaving was improved and new machines were developed. These needed much less labour to produce larger quantities of textiles. Around the middle of the century, spinning and weaving mills started to appear.
[readmore]In 1772, Richard Arkwright built what is said to be the first factory of the Industrial Revolution. He used water power to drive the spinning and weaving machines in his five-storeys-high mill at Cromford in Derbyshire. Not long after that, the idea was copied and improved by the use of steam power to drive the machines. Many entrepreneurs set up mills in the area of Manchester which gained the nickname of cottonopolis because of the large number of textile factories there.
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You can find more about this topic by visiting BBC Bitesize - The Industrial Revolution
Known as the domestic system (of industry)
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Cottage industries cannot compete against the mass-production of items in factories. They produce smaller amounts that are more expensive to buy and have a more variable quality
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We get the word 'spinster' from the girls who spun the yarn
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The workers for the factories were often people migrating from rural settlements to urban centres
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There was no way of ensuring consistent quality
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It was more convenient to build factories in towns and cities as there were better transport links as well as a readily available workforce
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In 1771 in Derbyshire - it used water power
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He even built a church
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The first steam engines were used in the early 1700s to pump water out of mines but it was only in the late 1700s that they were starting to be used to power factory machinery
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Coal produced steam to power the factory machines
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