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Turbulent Times
The Authorised Version of the Bible (in English) was statutorily placed in all churches across the land in 1611.

Turbulent Times

This quiz, Turbulent Times, includes the Reformation.

Almost exactly 500 years ago, in the 'teens' of the 16th century ~ around a quarter of the way back from now towards the founding events of the Church in New Testament times ~ came the great Break with Rome that was known as the Reformation, giving birth to the Protestant churches. How much do you already know about this momentous event and its consequences?

1.
What technology, very new at the time of the Reformation, hastened the spread of such fresh ideas?
Steam railways
Postage stamps
Movable-type printing
The fountain-pen
Answers 1 & 2 belong in the 19th Century (about 400 years after the Reformation). Johannes Gutenberg had brought movable-type printing to Europe in the closing decades of the 15th Century, which meant that books could be printed in runs of scores or hundreds of copies. Doing this by 'letterpress' was still a time-consuming craft, but nothing like as much so as copying everything longhand in the 'scriptorium' of a monastery (what we might nowadays call 'the forerunner of the copy-shop'!). Ironically, the Reformation would lead to the closure of many monastery and abbey foundations in Britain in the late 1530s.
2.
One of the key Catholic doctrines that the original reformers believed need no longer be obligatory, concerned the mystic change whereby the bread and wine of the Mass / Communion service 'become Christ's body and blood'. This process is technically known as ...
Transmogrification
Spiritual rebirth
Corpus Christi
Transubstantiation
'Change of substance' = 'transubstantiation'. ('Corpus Christi', meanwhile [Answer 3], is Latin for 'the Body of Christ', which is broadly relevant but not a pertinent answer here.) For a reasonably exhaustive analysis of this thorny but pivotal topic, try entering the (correct) T-word into Google or Wikipedia.
It is possibly worth commenting that since Jesus would have been speaking in Aramaic at the Last Supper, there may have been no actual verb connecting the 'elements' of bread and wine with their symbolic meanings (as with modern Russian or Mandarin Chinese, the 'be'-verb is merely implied, and the Disciples would have been well enough used to Jesus' parables to draw their own inferences from whatever precise form of words He did or did not use).
3.
Who was principally responsible for compiling and writing the Church of England's first Book of Common Prayer, in 1549?
Thomas Cranmer
Thomas More
Miles Coverdale
Latimer and Ridley
Cranmer did the original work, but the 'BCP' underwent a number of revisions before becoming standardised in 1662.
4.
Which famous English city houses a range of memorials to several martyrs on each side of the Reformation?
Canterbury
Oxford
York
London
There is of course the conspicuous 19th-century Martyrs' Memorial on St Giles' St (which looks rather like the steeple of a drowned church), just round the corner from the cross in the road on Broad Street where three men were burned to death for being 'on the wrong side' of the religious disputes. Within a few further hundred metres, the University Church (whose upstairs meeting room was the wartime birthplace of what is now Oxfam) has an eloquent plaque listing an alarmingly high number of casualties on each side of the Reformation.
5.
Under which English monarch was a copy of the Authorised Version of the Bible (in English) statutorily placed in all churches across the land in 1611, and chained to prevent the copies being taken away?
Henry VIII
James I (and VI of Scotland)
Elizabeth I
Charles I
The Authorised Version is often alternatively referred to as the 'King James Bible'.
6.
Which colourful English monarch founded his own national Church and closed down numerous monasteries and abbeys?
Henry VII
Henry VIII
Henry IX
James I
This was Henry VIII (he of the six wives, the first of whom the Pope would not allow him to divorce; so he decided to take advantage of the Catholic church being under ideological attack, and set up his own Protestant Church of England, where he could make his own rules on this and other matters!).
There has, at time of writing, been no King Henry IX of England (Answer 3), nor any imminent likelihood of one!
7.
The German monk and priest who first publicly complained against almost 100 ~ then-current, but not Biblically supported ~ practices of the (Catholic) Church, was called ...
Luther King
Martin King
Martin Luther King
Martin Luther
Martin Luther King (the 20th-century black American pastor and civil rights leader, who was assassinated for his activism) must surely have been named in honour of this much earlier pioneer campaigner. (See Answer 3)
8.
Non-Catholic churches are generally known by the label ...
Pagan
Protestant
Non-conformist
Calvinist
'Protestant' is the general term and would include, for instance, the Lutheran / Evangelical churches of northern Europe and further afield. The French language, perhaps indicatively, refers to all non-Catholic places of worship (however unmistakably 'church-like' they may look in their form or function) as 'un temple', along with those of other non-Christian faiths such as the Buddhists.
9.
Which ONE of these intriguing historical phenomena does NOT owe its origins to the period of religious turbulence following the Reformation?
Priest-holes
The Thirty Years' War (1618-1648)
Liberation Theology
The Gunpowder Plot (1605)
'Liberation Theology' only made its appearance in the latter decades of the 20th Century. Together with the other 'genuine' answers to this Question, it is a fascinating topic for your further research, if you are curious and interested!
10.
The movement in favour of dialogue and sharing between all the Christian churches ~ on the basis of shared 'core' beliefs, rather than differences in practice or emphasis, however deeply believed and cherished ~ is usually called ...
Evangelism
Ecumenism
Interdenominationalism
Antidisestablishmentarianism
The adjective from this is 'ecumenical'.

 

Author:  Ian Miles

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