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Jason asked his friends how many times they had visited the cinema this year.

Handling Data 3 (Difficult)

Handling data in 11 Plus Maths helps you think critically. You’ll explore probability, statistics, and how numbers reveal surprising truths about everyday situations.

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Fascinating Fact:

The probability of winning the lottery is about one in fourteen million, so buying a ticket is great maths practice, not a plan.

In 11 Plus Maths, pupils use probability to calculate how likely events are to happen. Understanding data helps them make predictions, spot patterns, and analyse real-world problems effectively.

Key Terms

Probability: The measure of how likely an event is to occur, written as a fraction, decimal, or percentage.
Statistics: The study of collecting, analysing, and presenting data in meaningful ways.
Outcome: The result of a test or experiment, such as rolling a six on a dice.

Parents can learn more about useful 11 Plus preparation resources in our guide to courses and materials for the 11 Plus.

Frequently Asked Questions (Click to see answers)

What is probability in maths?

Probability measures how likely something is to happen. It is shown as a number between 0 (impossible) and 1 (certain).

How do we use probability in real life?

We use probability when making predictions, such as weather forecasts, sports outcomes, or deciding the odds of winning a game.

What is the difference between chance and probability?

Chance is the everyday idea of something happening, while probability gives it a number or percentage to describe how likely it is.

Try These Related Quizzes

1 .

This question is based on the following data set which represents the number of times that Jason’s friends had visited the cinema this year: 12, 1, 4, 6, 3, 5, 8.
What is the range of the given data?

Range = highest value - lowest value = 12 - 1 = 11

2 .

This question is based on the following data set which represents the number of times that Jason’s friends had visited the cinema this year: 12, 1, 4, 6, 3, 5, 8.
What is the mean of the given data?

5.6

5.7

Mean = (the sum of the data values) ÷ the number of data values. The sum of the data values = 12 + 1 + 4 + 6 + 3 + 5 + 8 = 39. The number of data values = 7 ? mean = 39 ÷ 7 = 5.571 = 5.6 (1 decimal place)

3 .

This question is based on the following data set which represents the number of times that Jason’s friends had visited the cinema this year: 12, 1, 4, 6, 3, 5, 8.
What is the mode of the given data?

5.5

There isn't a mode

The mode is the data value that occurs most often: in this set of data, there isn't a mode as each value occurs only once

4 .

This question is based on the following data set which represents the number of times that Jason’s friends had visited the cinema this year: 12, 1, 4, 6, 3, 5, 8.
What is the median of the given data?

The median is the middle value of the data: you have to arrange the data in order BEFORE you can find it: 1, 3, 4, 5, 6, 8, 12. You have seven values, so the median is the 4th value = 5. It is usually best to arrange the data in ascending order. DON'T make the mistake of giving the median the value of its position: in this case 4 because it is the 4th value

5 .

This question is based on the following data set which represents the number of times that Jason’s friends had visited the cinema this year: 12, 1, 4, 6, 3, 5, 8.
How many of Jason’s friends took part in the survey?

You have seven data values: each value corresponds to one person. DON'T make the mistake of calling the sum of the data values the number of people: it is NOT 39

6 .

This question is based on the following data set which represents the number of times that Jason’s friends had visited the cinema this year: 12, 1, 4, 6, 3, 5, 8.
Jason decided to include one more friend in his survey. If that friend hadn't been to the cinema this year, how would that affect the value of the 'mean'?

It would increase the value of the 'mean'

It would lower the value of the 'mean'

It wouldn't affect the value of the 'mean'

There isn't enough information to answer this question

Just because something is zero, it doesn't mean that it isn't important. Mean = (the sum of the data values) ÷ the number of data values. The sum of the data values = 0 + 12 + 1 + 4 + 6 + 3 + 5 + 8 = 39. So '0' won't affect the sum BUT the number of data values now = 8 because you have an extra person ? mean = 39 ÷ 8 = 4.875 = 4.9 (1 decimal place)

7 .

This question is based on the following data set which represents the number of times that Jason’s friends had visited the cinema this year: 12, 1, 4, 6, 3, 5, 8.
How many people went to the cinema the same number of times?

None of the numbers occurs more than once, so nobody went to the cinema the same number of times

8 .

The mean is 5.6: only three values > 5.6. You can't include the person who went to the cinema 5 times because 5 < 5.6. D'oh!

9 .

Which of the following statements is correct?

The mode is always one of the data values

The mode is never one of the data values

The mode is sometimes one of the data values

The mode is the middle number in a set of data

The mode is the number which appears most often, so it is always one of the data values

10 .

Why does data have to be ordered to calculate the mode?

So that you know how many data values you have

So that you can find the'middle' value

To make calculating the answer easier

It doesn't have to be ordered

The mode is the value which appears most often - you can usually spot this at a glance, without orderinfg the data - but you do have to order the data if you want to find the median value

Author: Frank Evans (Specialist 11 Plus Teacher and Tutor)