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Multiplication and division illustration | Number 20

Dividing by ¹⁄₂₀ is the same as multiplying by 20.

Multiplication and Division 3 (Easy)

Multiplication and division help us understand patterns and change. In 11 Plus Maths, they are essential for solving problems that involve growth, sharing, and scaling.

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Fascinating Fact:

If a tree doubles in height each year, and starts at one metre, after five years it will be thirty two metres tall, exponential growth that makes gardeners nervous.

In 11 Plus Maths, multiplication and division are used to explore patterns, sequences, and real-world problems such as exponential growth and data scaling. Mastering these skills helps students approach harder questions with confidence.

Key Terms

Exponent: The number that shows how many times a base number is multiplied by itself.
Product: The result of multiplying two or more numbers together.
Division: The process of splitting a total into equal parts or groups.

Parents can explore sample practice problems and helpful tips in our 11 Plus sample questions guide.

Frequently Asked Questions (Click to see answers)

What does exponential growth mean in maths?

Exponential growth means a number increases by multiplying by the same factor repeatedly, such as doubling each year or tripling every stage.

How can I spot multiplication patterns in the 11 Plus?

Look for numbers that repeat with a constant multiplier, such as 2, 4, 8, 16, which grow by doubling each time.

Why is division important when solving ratio problems?

Division helps split quantities into equal parts, making it easier to calculate how much each share or group receives in ratio questions.

Try These Related Quizzes

1 .

What is the correct answer to the given calculation?
¹⁄₅ x 23

4³⁄₅

4²⁄₅

5³⁄₅

115

1?5 × 23 = 23 ÷ 5 = 4 remainder 3 = 4³?₅. In general, multiplying by 1 over a number is the same as dividing by that number: in this case, 5

2 .

What is the correct answer to the given calculation?
17 x ¹⁄₄

4¹⁄₄

3³⁄₄

4¹⁄₂

Multiplying by 1?4 is the same as dividing by 4 ? 17 ÷ 4 = 4 remainder 1 = 4¹?₄. In general, multiplying by 1 over a number is the same as dividing by that number: in this case, 4

3 .

What is the correct answer to the given calculation?
14 ÷ ³⁄₈

28¹⁄₃

37¹⁄₈

37¹⁄₃

28¹⁄₈

To divide by a fraction, invert (turn upside down) the fraction and multiply. LEARN this technique. So, 14 ÷ ³?₈ = 14 × ⁸?₃ = (14 × 8) ÷ 3 = 112 ÷ 3 = 37 remainder 1 = 37¹?₃

4 .

What is the correct answer to the given calculation?
11 ÷ ²⁄₃

15¹⁄₃

15¹⁄₂

16¹⁄₃

16¹⁄₂

To divide by a fraction, invert (turn upside down) the fraction and multiply. LEARN this technique. So, 11 ÷ ²?₃ = 11 × ³?₂ = (11 × 3) ÷ 2 = 33 ÷ 2 = 16 remainder 1 = 16¹?₂

5 .

What is the correct answer to the given calculation?
21 x 17

357

347

337

327

21 × 17 = (20 × 17) + 17 = 357. Decrease 21 by 1 and do the multiplication THEN add 17. Be on the LOOKOUT for products that can be simplified: this will enable you to do the calculation in your head

6 .

What is the correct answer to the given calculation?
24 ÷ ¹⁄₂

Remember that dividing by 1 over a number is the same as multiplying by that number: in this case, 2: 24 x 2 = 48

7 .

What is the correct answer to the given calculation?
27 ÷ 5

5¹⁄₅

5²⁄₅

5³⁄₅

27 ÷ 5 = 5 remainder 2. As we are dealing with fifths, the remainder becomes ²?₅

8 .

What is the correct answer to the given calculation?
37 ÷ 1³⁄₄

64³⁄₄

21²⁄₇

21¹⁄₄

21¹⁄₇

To make this easier, first convert 1³?₄ into quarters:
37 ÷ 1³?₄ = 37 ÷ ⁷?₄
Next, invert (turn upside down) the fraction and multiply:
37 ÷ ⁷?₄ = 37 × ⁴?₇ = (37 × 4) ÷ 7 = 148 ÷ 7 = 21 remainder 1 = 21¹?₇

9 .

What is the correct answer to the given calculation?
3.4 x ¹⁄₂₀

170

1.7

0.17

Remember that multiplying by 1 over a number is the same as dividing that number: in this case, 20:
3.4 ÷ 20 = (3.4 ÷ 2) ÷ 10 = 1.7 ÷ 10 = 0.17

10 .

What is the correct answer to the given calculation?
33 x 22

726

706

686

666

33 x 2 = 66 and 33 x 20 = 660 so 33 x 22 = 66 + 660 = 726. Look for shortcuts like this which allow you to work out the answer in your head

Author: Frank Evans (Specialist 11 Plus Teacher and Tutor)

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