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If this, then that
Explore advanced conditionals and learn how English talks about unreal past events. Practise linking an imagined cause to a different result, clearly and accurately.
1 .
Pick the answer which best completes it in good accurate English.
'If the cap fits, ... ... '
(Old English saying)
'If the cap fits, ... ... '
(Old English saying)
... wear it.
... drop it.
... detonate it.
... fire it.
2 .
Pick the answer which best completes it in good accurate English.
'If there were any justice in this world, she ... ... to jail in the first place.'
'If there were any justice in this world, she ... ... to jail in the first place.'
... never would go ...
... would never gone ...
... would never have gone ...
... never would had go ...
This is the only correct use of the previous past conditional form, though it could equally well be written ' ... never would have gone ...' (a version which wasn't offered here, as we are only supposed to provide one good/best Answer!).
3 .
Pick the answer which best completes it in good accurate English.
Wherever you see a white rose against the brown background on a road-sign, you ... ... find a point of interest to tourists nearby.
Wherever you see a white rose against the brown background on a road-sign, you ... ... find a point of interest to tourists nearby.
... will ...
... might ...
... would ...
... may ...
This is definite enough that only 'will' could be sufficient; the other Answers are all too feeble in their meaning. Why put up a sign at all, unless there's definitely something to tell people?
4 .
Pick the answer which best completes it in good accurate English.
The hospital would not call you back so quickly ... ... there were some urgent problem over your test results.
The hospital would not call you back so quickly ... ... there were some urgent problem over your test results.
... if ...
... until ...
... except ...
... unless...
Answer 1 makes grammatical sense, but in terms of meaning it is 'inside-out': if there WERE a problem, they surely WOULD call you as soon as they were aware of it.
The other two links are wrong: 'until' suggests that the medics would, perhaps deliberately, delay calling you until the problem was serious enough (instead of alerting you earlier, so as to stand some chance of halting its development); 'except' is a preposition rather than a conjunction, so it isn't strong enough to introduce a complete clause rather than just a noun-phrase.
The other two links are wrong: 'until' suggests that the medics would, perhaps deliberately, delay calling you until the problem was serious enough (instead of alerting you earlier, so as to stand some chance of halting its development); 'except' is a preposition rather than a conjunction, so it isn't strong enough to introduce a complete clause rather than just a noun-phrase.
5 .
Pick the answer which best completes it in good accurate English.
'Our Customer Service Department is contacting you today ... ... you have any further needs or feedback for us, concerning your recent transaction.'
'Our Customer Service Department is contacting you today ... ... you have any further needs or feedback for us, concerning your recent transaction.'
... because ...
... in case ...
... whenever ...
... although ...
'Because' (Answer 1) seems to be following through on a previous communication from you, which ~ out of context ~ we don't know, or can't be sure about; 'whenever' (Answer 3) suggests an ongoing dialogue with the company (which, surely, neither party would really want to have to enter into); 'although' (Answer 4) is also clearly the wrong conjunction.
6 .
Pick the answer which best completes it in good accurate English.
' ... ... any change of plan, I feel sure she would have let me know.'
' ... ... any change of plan, I feel sure she would have let me know.'
If it were ...
Had there been ...
Should it be ...
In case there was ...
This is another, more polished way of saying 'If there had been a problem, she would have told me'.
Answers 1 & 3 contain false constructions instead of 'there is/was/were'; if Answer 4 were to be correct, it should have run 'In case there WERE ... ' .
Answers 1 & 3 contain false constructions instead of 'there is/was/were'; if Answer 4 were to be correct, it should have run 'In case there WERE ... ' .
7 .
(Choose the most stylistically suitable Answer to complete this sentence:)
'This vehicle is designed, equipped and insured to make the journey ... ... '
'This vehicle is designed, equipped and insured to make the journey ... ... '
... whatever the weather.
... irrespective of the prevailing meteorological conditions.
... regardless.
... come rain, come shine.
Answer 1 is a good, plain way of putting this; Answer 2 is quite unsuitably pompous, while Answers 3 & 4 (each, phrases you may well hear spoken) seem too informal after the official start to the sentence. Presumably we are discussing the potential safety of a trip in difficult conditions, so a reasonably serious tone would be appropriate.
8 .
Pick the answer which best completes it in good accurate English.
'We will inform you of the outcome ... ... the statistics are available.'
'We will inform you of the outcome ... ... the statistics are available.'
... wherever ...
... should ...
... given that ...
... as and when ...
Answer 1 would have worked well had it said 'wheNever' (which it didn't; look carefully!). The 'should' in Answer 2 would have led into ' ... should the statistics become available' (which, again, is not what the Question offered). If the figures ARE already available, 'given that' (Answer 3) seems very churlish; the authorities seem to be saying, 'Since we happen to have the facts and figures, we might as well let you know ... ' ~ which hardly seems a model of open, proactive customer-facing authority.
'As and when' (Answer 4) concisely expresses that the material will indeed be released in the manner that it says, i.e. not yet, but as soon as it is ready; a very handy phrase to recognise and use situationally.
'As and when' (Answer 4) concisely expresses that the material will indeed be released in the manner that it says, i.e. not yet, but as soon as it is ready; a very handy phrase to recognise and use situationally.
9 .
Pick the answer which best completes it in good accurate English.
'They continue to appreciate their midweek social club ... ... their mobility problems.'
'They continue to appreciate their midweek social club ... ... their mobility problems.'
... due to ...
... although ...
... despite ...
... nonetheless ...
Answer 1 suggests that the mobility problems make the people appreciate the club, which is certainly possible but not necessarily likely; 'although' is a conjunction rather than a preposition (cf. the reverse situation in Question 5, Answer 3); 'nonetheless' (Answer 4) usually stands by itself. The most likely sense of the sentence is that the old people enjoy the club EVEN THOUGH it is an increasing effort and upheaval for them to get themselves there.
10 .
Pick the answer which best completes it in good accurate English.
'As he approached the General Knowledge jackpot, Brian suspected he would have been offered an almost impossible question ... ... '
'As he approached the General Knowledge jackpot, Brian suspected he would have been offered an almost impossible question ... ... '
... whichever button he (had) pressed.
... whatever button he might press.
... wherever he could press which button.
... press whatsoever button he might.
Either version of Answer 1 is fine; Answer 2 is possible, but pedantic to the point of being inappropriate; Answer 3 contains many good elements but is too garbled to do the job clearly; Answer 4 is theoretically acceptable, but a native speaker would assume from the high-flown style that you were trying to make some cynical point (it sounds almost as though a knight from mediaeval times is tackling his 'chivalric ordeal' on a prime-time television trivia quiz show!).
This leaves Answer 1, at the top, as the best possible option.
This leaves Answer 1, at the top, as the best possible option.
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This is nothing to do with the 'cap' as in Answers 3 & 4 ~ which consists of a small quantity of gunpowder (or similar) in a paper wrap, which would make a sharp noise if suddenly hit by the mechanism inside a toy pistol.