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Ethanol has a lower boiling point than water because there are weaker forces of attraction between the ethanol molecules than between the water molecules.

Organic Chemistry 2

Build confidence in GCSE Organic Chemistry: practise key reactions, products, and conditions for hydrocarbons and related compounds. Read the notes, then test yourself in the quiz below.

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Fascinating Fact:

Alkanes burn in oxygen in combustion reactions, making carbon dioxide and water in complete combustion. Incomplete combustion can produce carbon monoxide and soot.

In GCSE Chemistry, Organic Chemistry 2 often focuses on recognising reaction types and predicting products. You will link structures to reactivity, compare saturated and unsaturated compounds, and learn key conditions used in industry.

Key Terms

Combustion: A reaction where a substance reacts with oxygen and releases energy.
Cracking: Breaking long-chain hydrocarbons into shorter alkanes and alkenes, usually using heat and a catalyst.
Addition reaction: A reaction where atoms add across a carbon-carbon double bond to form a single product.

Frequently Asked Questions (Click to see answers)

What are the main reactions I need to know in GCSE Organic Chemistry?

GCSE Organic Chemistry commonly includes combustion of hydrocarbons, cracking of long-chain alkanes, addition reactions of alkenes, and polymerisation to make plastics.

How do you test for an alkene in GCSE Chemistry?

Shake the substance with bromine water. If an alkene is present, the bromine water changes from orange to colourless because bromine adds across the double bond.

Why is cracking important for fuels and plastics?

Cracking turns heavy, less useful hydrocarbons into smaller molecules that are in higher demand, such as petrol-range fuels and alkenes used to make polymers.

Try These Related Quizzes

1 .

Which of the following acids is an organic compound?

Hydrochloric

Sulfuric

Ethanoic

Nitric

This is the chemical name for vinegar

2 .

Which of the following formulae is for a carboxylic acid?

C₂H₄

C₂H₅COOH

C₂H₅OH

C₄H₈O₂

This is the molecular formula for propanoic acid (three carbon atoms)

3 .

If a carboxylic acid is reacted with an alcohol, what is formed?

An alcohol

An alkene

An alkane

An ester

Water is formed as well as the ester

4 .

Name the ester formed when methanol is reacted with butanoic acid.

Methyl propanoate

Butyl methanoate

Methyl butanoate

Butyl ethanoate

The term from the alcohol is given the '-yl' suffix and is followed by the acid term with the suffix '-ate'

5 .

Ethanol has a lower boiling point than water because...

the -OH groups in the ethanol molecules have a tendency to cling together

the attraction between the molecules is weaker

the ethanol molecules can easily lose a hydrogen atom

the ethanol molecules mix well with water

The weaker the bonds between molecules, the easier it is to separate them

6 .

Which of these organic compounds has the functional group -COOH?

Alcohols

Carboxylic acids

Esters

Alkanes

A functional group is the unique combination of atoms that gives an organic chemical its characteristics

7 .

Name the acid and alcohol required to make the ester butyl methanoate.

Butanol and methanoic acid

Methanol and propanoic acid

Butanol and propanoic acid

Methanol and butanoic acid

Remember the naming rule from question 4 ...

8 .

Which of these organic compounds is unsaturated?

Carboxylic acid

Alcohol

Alkane

Alkene

Unsaturated hydrocarbons have double C to C bonds

9 .

What is the functional group of alcohols?

COOH

COO

Alcohols are one example of the many homologous series of organic chemistry

10 .

When organic compounds combust in a plentiful supply of air, what are the products?

Carbon dioxide only

Carbon monoxide and water

Carbon dioxide and hydrogen

Carbon dioxide and water

All organic compounds produce CO₂ and H₂O when they undergo complete combustion, incomplete combustion produces the poisonous carbon monoxide which prevents your red blood cells from carrying oxygen round your body

You can find more about this topic by visiting BBC Bitesize - More organic chemistry

Author: Kate Gardiner (Chemistry Educator & GCSE Quiz Writer)

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