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Periodic Table 3

Periodic Table 3

Groups and periods reveal repeating patterns. This GCSE Chemistry quiz explains why elements in the same group behave alike, and how electron shells help you predict reactions.

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Fascinating Fact:

Elements in the same group have similar chemical properties. This is because they have the same number of electrons in their outer shell.

In GCSE Chemistry, the Periodic Table is used as a tool for prediction. When you know an element’s electron arrangement, you can explain why it forms certain ions and why its reactions follow patterns. Elements in a group react in similar ways because their outer electrons control bonding, while trends down a group and across a period help you compare reactivity and link it to changes in atomic structure. This means you can make sensible predictions about reactions, displacement, and the type of compounds elements are likely to form.

Key Terms

  • Outer-shell electrons: The electrons in the highest energy level of an atom, which mainly determine how it bonds and reacts.
  • Reactivity trend: A pattern showing how reactive elements become as you move down a group or across a period.
  • Ion: A charged particle formed when an atom gains or loses electrons.

Frequently Asked Questions

How do you use the Periodic Table to predict an element’s properties?

You can predict properties by using the element’s group and period. The group tells you the number of outer-shell electrons, and the period tells you how many electron shells it has.

Why do Group 1 elements all form 1+ ions?

Group 1 elements form 1+ ions because they have one outer-shell electron, which is usually lost in reactions to reach a stable electron arrangement.

What does the period number tell you in electron arrangement?

The period number tells you how many electron shells an atom has. For example, an element in Period 3 has three occupied electron shells.

Try These Related Quizzes

1 .
Which group of the periodic table is this?
1
2
7
8
They all have 2 outer electrons available for ionic bonding
2 .
What name is given to this group of the periodic table?
Alkali earth metals
Transition metals
Noble gases
Halogens
It is also referred to as group 8 or group 0, which was its original group number when it was added to Mendeleev's periodic table
3 .
What do all the elements in this group have in common?
They all have a full outer shell of electrons
They all form 2+ ions
They all form 2- ions
They all have 1 electron in their outer electron shell
Group 1 = 1 outer electron
4 .
What do all the elements in this group NOT have in common?
They all have 6 electrons in their outer shell
They are all poisonous
They all gain one electron to form a 1- ion
They are all coloured
They have 7 electrons in their outer shell. Group 7 = 7 electrons. The other three answers are all properties of the halogens that you are expected to know for your exams
5 .
Which of the following is NOT true of many of the elements in this block of elements?
They form coloured compounds
They are extremely reactive
They are often made into alloys
Have a high melting and boiling point
Most of them do form compounds but not usually as vigorously as the reactive metals either side of this block of the periodic table
6 .
The picture shows neon lights. Which group of the periodic table does neon belong to?
1
2
6
8
Neon is a gas from group 8. It has 8 electrons in its outer shell and is therefore inert
7 .
The picture shows an early version of the periodic table. The elements are arranged by order of atomic weight. Whose periodic table is this?
Newlands
Dalton
Mendeleev
Rutherford
He realised that there were still more elements to be discovered and what makes his periodic table stand out from the others is that it had gaps so that these could be fitted in when they were found
8 .
Metals are found in which coloured areas of the periodic table in the diagram?
Yellow, orange, pale blue, dark blue
Yellow, pale blue, white, dark blue
Dark blue, red, yellow, white
White, dark blue, yellow, pale blue
Metals make up the majority of the elements and are found to the left side of the table
9 .
Which colour on the diagram shows the alkali metals?
Pale blue
White
Orange
Yellow
Alkali metals are the reactive elements of group 1
10 .
How many elements of group 5 are in the white section in the diagram?
2
3
0
4
Group 5 contains nitrogen, phosphorus, arsenic, antimony and bismuth. The first three elements are non-metals while antimony and bismuth are metals
Author:  Kate Gardiner (Chemistry Educator & GCSE Quiz Writer)
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