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Macbeth - Context
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Macbeth - Context

Explore Macbeth’s world in this GCSE English Literature quiz, from Jacobean beliefs about kings and witches to the brutal politics of power, loyalty and rebellion.

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Fascinating Fact:

Gender expectations were strict, with men associated with action and warfare and women with obedience, which makes Lady Macbeth’s rejection of traditional femininity especially shocking.

In GCSE English Literature, the context of Macbeth includes Jacobean beliefs about kingship, witchcraft, rebellion and gender. Understanding these ideas helps you explain why Shakespeare’s choices would unsettle his first audience.

  • Jacobean era: The period of King James I’s rule, when Macbeth was written and first performed, marked by religious tension and fear of treason.
  • Divine Right of Kings: The belief that a king’s authority comes directly from God, so attacking the king is also an attack on God’s order.
  • Witchcraft: Supposed magical powers linked to the devil; witches were feared, persecuted and associated with chaos and evil in Jacobean England.
What is the historical context of Macbeth in GCSE English Literature?

Macbeth was written in the early seventeenth century, soon after James I became king. England faced religious division, threats of rebellion and anxiety about the safety of the monarch.

How does the Gunpowder Plot help us understand Macbeth?

The failed Gunpowder Plot of 1605 was an attempt to blow up the king and Parliament. Macbeth reflects fears about treason and the horror of attacking a rightful king.

Why were witches so disturbing to Shakespeare’s audience?

Witches were believed to be real, dangerous servants of the devil. Laws against witchcraft and King James I’s own interest in the topic made the witches in Macbeth especially frightening.

1 .
When was Macbeth written?
1586
1606
1656
1706
The date of the first performance of the play is uncertain
2 .
Macbeth is one of Shakespeare's....
Sonnets
Comedies
Tragedies
Romances
Macbeth's downfall is brought about by his own ambition and by his arrogant inability to fully understand the prophecies he chooses to act upon
3 .
Who ruled England at the time the play was written?
Richard II
Henry VIII
Elizabeth I
James I
James I of England (King James VI of Scotland) was Elizabeth I's heir. The era of his rule is known as 'Jacobean'
4 .
Which of the following events took place the year before Shakespeare wrote Macbeth?
The Civil War
The Gunpowder Plot
The Succession Crisis
The Black Death
The Gunpowder Plot refers to the attempt to blow up the House of Lords on the 5th of November, 1605 as the initial stage in a plan to install a Catholic monarch in place of the Protestant James I. Macbeth demonstrates a contemporary concern with treasonous plots
5 .
Which invented character was claimed as an 'ancestor' for James I?
Duncan
Macduff
Macbeth
Banquo
The witches promise Banquo that his line of descendants will include kings
6 .
The ruler of England at the time Macbeth was written was which of the following?
Scottish
Irish
German
French
James I was also James VI of Scotland. His mother was Mary Queen of Scots, cousin to Elizabeth I. Many of the English were unhappy at having a Scottish - or foreign - ruler, since the two countries were not joined in union at the time
7 .
In which of the following is found the history of Macbeth?
King Lear
King John
Spenser's The Faerie Queene
Holinshed's Chronicles of England, Scotland, and Ireland
Holinshed's Chronicles was Shakespeare's most significant source text. In the Chronicles Banquo participates in Macbeth's treachery
8 .
How did Mary, Queen of Scots and mother of James I of England, die?
In childbirth
In battle
By execution
Of sickness
Elizabeth I ordered Mary to be executed for her part in encouraging plots to overthrow Elizabeth. The regicide (murder of the king) and concern with treasonous plots in Macbeth draw both from historical events and from more contemporary concerns of James's court
9 .
Which of the following was supported by James I, but defeated in Parliament?
Union between England and Scotland
The end of primogeniture, enabling eldest daughters to inherit lands and titles rather than younger sons
The end of primogeniture and the use of election to choose a ruler
A declaration of war against France
In 1604 Parliament refused James the title of King of Great Britain and continued to resist his efforts to create a Union of the two countries
10 .
Which of the following is correct?
Macbeth is an invented character with no basis in history
Macbeth is an invented character based on the historical Malcolm III
Macbeth is a historical king of Scotland, ruling between 1040 and 1057
Macbeth is a historical king of Scotland who usurped the throne in 1040 before being swiftly deposed
The historical Macbeth won the throne in battle, rather than by treason
You can find more about this topic by visiting BBC Bitesize - Macbeth

Author:  Sheri Smith (PhD English Literature, English Teacher & Quiz Writer)

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