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Mathematical Definitions 01 (F)

Mathematical Definitions 01 (F)

Sharpen your GCSE Maths vocabulary. Learn clear definitions for primes, factors, multiples, and more so you can decode questions quickly and choose the right method every time.

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Fascinating Fact:

In security puzzles, a prime number has exactly two factors, 1 and itself, so 2, 3, 5, 7 are prime, which matters for cryptography and factor checks.

In GCSE Maths, precise definitions power problem solving. Knowing what terms like prime, factor, multiple, and integer mean helps you interpret questions correctly, choose valid methods, and justify each step.

Key Terms

Prime number: A whole number greater than 1 with exactly two factors: 1 and itself (e.g., 2, 3, 5, 7).
Factor: A whole number that divides another exactly with no remainder (e.g., 3 is a factor of 12).
Multiple: A number you get by multiplying a given number by whole numbers (e.g., multiples of 4 are 4, 8, 12, ...).

Frequently Asked Questions (Click to see answers)

What is the quickest way to check if a number is prime?

Test divisibility by primes up to its square root. If none divide exactly and the number is greater than 1, it is prime.

What is the difference between a factor and a multiple?

A factor divides a number exactly, while a multiple is a result of multiplying a number by whole numbers. For 12, 3 is a factor; 24 is a multiple.

How do I find the HCF and LCM from prime factors?

HCF: multiply the lowest powers of common primes. LCM: multiply the highest powers of all primes present in either factorisation.

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Author: Frank Evans (Specialist 11 Plus Teacher and Tutor)

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