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Electricity - Electrical Circuits 02
An LED emits light when the current flows through it in a forward direction.

Electricity - Electrical Circuits 02

Revise GCSE electric circuits as you practise questions on cells, batteries, current, potential difference and resistance in series and parallel circuits, all linked to real exam style problems.

Explore the Topic →
(quiz starts below)

Fascinating Fact:

A cell or battery provides potential difference, supplying energy to charges so they can move and transfer energy to components.

In GCSE Physics, you study how circuits use cells and batteries to drive current through components. You learn about series and parallel circuits, energy transfers, and how to apply circuit equations accurately.

Key Terms

  • Cell: A single energy source that provides potential difference to drive current around a circuit.
  • Series circuit: A circuit where components are connected one after another so the same current flows through each component.
  • Parallel circuit: A circuit with branches, where current splits and different components share the same potential difference.

Frequently Asked Questions (Click to see answers)

What does potential difference mean in GCSE circuits?

In GCSE circuits, potential difference is the energy transferred per coulomb of charge between two points. A higher potential difference means each coulomb of charge gains more energy from the supply.

What is the difference between series and parallel circuits?

In a series circuit, current is the same everywhere and components share the supply voltage. In a parallel circuit, branches share the same voltage but the current splits between the different paths.

How do I use V = IR in GCSE Physics questions?

Identify which two quantities you know, such as current and resistance, then rearrange V = IR if needed. Substitute values with units, calculate carefully, and check that your answer has the correct unit.

Try These Related Quizzes

1 .
If two five ohm resistors are connected in series, what is the total resistance of the circuit?
5 ohms
10 ohms
2.5 ohms
7.5 ohms
Resistance of resistors in series are easy - just add up the individual values to get the total resistance
2 .
What can be found by measuring current and voltage?
Resistivity
Resistance
The direction of true north
Magnetic field strength
Measuring current and voltage lead German scientist Georg Simon Ohm to the conclusion that is now known as Ohm's law
3 .
If two resistors are connected in parallel in a circuit, which has a total electrical potential difference of five volts, what is the value of the electrical potential difference across each resistor?
2.5 V
1.25 V
5 V
10 V
When two components are connected in parallel, they are connected to the same points of the circuit, so the electrical potential difference across each one is the same
4 .
How is the current of a resistor related to the potential difference across it?
Inversely proportional
Directly proportional
Equal
One-fifth of the potential difference
If the potential difference across a one ohm resistor is increased by one volt, the current will also increase by one amp
5 .
What is the unit of resistance?
Ohm
Volt
Ampere
Coulomb
Ensure you always put units on the end of any question which asks for a numerical answer. The units of resistance are named after Ohm
6 .
If three 1.5V cells are connected in series, what is the total potential difference provided by the cells?
3 V
4.5 V
5.5 V
1.5 V
In series, just like with resistors, the voltages of the cells are added together
7 .
Which equation correctly relates voltage, resistance and current?
R = I⁄V
V= I⁄R
I = R⁄V
V = I R
This is how you write down Ohm's law mathematically
8 .
An LED emits light when the current flows through it in which direction?
Forwards
Backwards
No current flow
Up and down
LED is the abbreviation for light emitting diode so from that, you should know that electrical charge can only flow through in the forwards direction through a diode
9 .
The current through a component depends on which of the following?
The resistance of the component
The size of the component
The material of the component
The colour of the component
A bigger resistance means a smaller current. This is not the only factor affecting the current
10 .
If a 100 ohm resistor is replaced with a 200 ohm resistor, whilst the potential difference is kept constant, what happens to the current?
Stays the same
Increases
Decreases
There is not enough information
Current is inversely proportional to resistance - as resistance is doubled the current is halved
You can find more about this topic by visiting BBC Bitesize - Electric circuits

Author:  Martin Moore
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