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Light - The Eye
A CCD in a digital camera is the equivalent of the retina in the eye.

Light - The Eye

In GCSE Physics you learn how the eye works like a camera. This quiz tests how light is focused, detected and turned into signals your brain understands.

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(quiz starts below)

Fascinating Fact:

The iris controls the size of the pupil, so it adjusts how much light enters the eye in bright or dim conditions.

In GCSE Physics, you study how light is focused by the cornea and lens, how sharp images form on the retina, and how the optic nerve sends messages to the brain.

Key Terms

  • Cornea: The clear curved front surface of the eye that begins bending incoming light.
  • Retina: The light-sensitive layer at the back of the eye where the image is formed.
  • Accommodation: The process where the lens changes shape to focus on near or distant objects.

Frequently Asked Questions (Click to see answers)

How does the human eye work in GCSE Physics?

In GCSE Physics, the eye is described like a camera: light enters through the cornea and pupil, is focused by the lens onto the retina, and then signals travel along the optic nerve to the brain.

What is the difference between rods and cones in the eye?

Rod cells are very sensitive in low light and help you see shapes at night. Cone cells work best in bright light and allow you to see colours and fine detail.

How do glasses or contact lenses help you see clearly?

Glasses and contact lenses change the way light enters the eye so the image is brought into sharp focus on the retina. This corrects long-sightedness or short-sightedness for clearer vision.

Try These Related Quizzes

1 .
Which answer is not a part of the structure of the eye?
Retina
Malleus
Ciliary muscle
Cornea
The malleus is part of the ear. The structure of the eye is made up of the retina, lens, iris, cornea, pupil, ciliary muscle and suspensory ligaments
2 .
The eye can focus on objects ranging between the near point and the far point. In humans with perfect vision, what is approximately the distance of the near point and the far point?
10 cm and 50 m
5 cm and 100 m
25 cm and infinity
2 m and infinity
You can test the near focal length yourself by bringing your finger close to your eye. You will notice that as you bring your finger closer than around 25 cm, your finger will start to become slightly blurred
3 .
A manufacturer wants to make a flatter (less curved) lens for a given focal length. How would the manufacturer make this?
Make the lens using a material with a higher refractive index
Make the lens using a material with a lower refractive index
They cannot make a flatter lens
Use a material with the same refractive index but one that they can cut thinner
Normally, a flatter lens will focus light further away, however, if the material has a higher refractive index, it will bend the light through a greater angle. The new flatter lens therefore can be made to focus light at the same point as the original, more curved lens
4 .
What is the power of a lens whose focal length is 0.1 m?
2 D
5 D
10 D
100 D
D stands for dioptre
5 .
The focal length of a lens is determined by what?
The refractive index of the material from which the lens is made
The curvature of one surface of the lens
The curvature of the two surfaces of the lens
Both the refractive index of the material from which the lens is made and the curvature of the two surfaces of the lens
Materials with higher refractive indices and lenses with greater curvature bend light the most
6 .
What is the formula for the power of a lens?
P = 1⁄f
P = 1⁄2f
P = 2⁄f
P = 2⁄3f
P is power and is measured in dioptres, D. The focal length, f, is measured in metres, m
7 .
What is/are a cause(s) of long sightedness?
Eyeball being too short
Lens unable to focus
Eyeball too long
Both eyeball being too short and lens unable to focus
If the lens is too thin for the length of the eyeball, light entering the eye will be focused behind the retina
8 .
A CCD in a digital camera is the equivalent of what in the eye?
Lens
Cornea
Pupil
Retina
CCD stands for charge coupled device and is the electronic equivalent of a film
9 .
What is/are a cause(s) of short sightedness?
Eyeball being too long
Lens unable to focus
The eyeball being too short
Both eyeball being too long and lens unable to focus
If the lens is too fat, it will bend the light too much and the focal point will be in front of the retina
10 .
What types of lenses are used to correct long and short sightedness?
Convex and concave
Convex and planar
Planar and bi-convex
Bi-concave and bi-convex
These are designed to refract the light just enough to enable the lens to focus it directly onto the retina
You can find more about this topic by visiting BBC Bitesize - Light

Author:  Martin Moore
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