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Medical Physics - X-rays
Canned food manufacturers use X-ray machines.

Medical Physics - X-rays

This GCSE Medical Physics quiz will challenge you on X-rays. X-rays are a type of electromagnetic radiation. X-rays were discovered in 1895 by William Roentgen by accident whilst he was experimenting with vacuum tubes. He noticed that a screen he used for a different experiment was glowing, even though there was no visible light hitting it. He carried out some experiments over a period of several weeks, to find out more of the properties of the newly-discovered rays and to ensure that his results were reliable before finally announcing his discovery at the end of December. He used the term X-rays because he had no idea what they were and adopted the mathematical idea of using the letter 'x' to denote an unknown quantity. During the course of his experiments, he took the very first X-ray photograph - it shows the bones of his wife's hand who said 'I have seen my own death'. His work earned him the very first Nobel Prize in physics (1901).

1 .
In which place would you most likely find an X-ray machine?
Airport
Hospital
Baked bean factory
All of the above
Yes! - You would find an X-ray machine in all of those places. Canned food manufacturers use X-ray machines to check to make sure there are no foreign items packaged within their cans and airports use them to check inside bags for security
2 .
X-rays affect photographic film in the same way as which other wave in the electromagnetic spectrum?
Gamma rays
Microwaves
Infrared waves
Light
X-ray photographs look very different to photographs taken using visible light
3 .
Which electronic device allows images from X-rays to be formed electronically?
Microfilm
SD card
CCD (Charge-coupled device)
Mobile phone
CCDs are used to capture other forms of electromagnetic radiation too e.g. light in a digital camera
4 .
Which electromagnetic wave has the most energy?
X-rays
Light
Radio waves
Microwaves
X-rays have the most energy followed by light, then microwaves and with the least energy, radio waves
5 .
What can X-rays be used to diagnose?
Bone fractures
Dental problems
Bladder stones
All of the above
X-rays are used in many medical situations. Simple X-ray machines work best when hard materials like bones, teeth and hard growths like kidney or gall stones are involved. Computers have allowed the development of CAT scanners which use X-rays to look at soft tissue as well
6 .
The wavelength of an X-ray is of the same order of magnitude as what?
A hair
A stone
An atom
An electron
They have very short wavelengths and therefore very high frequencies
7 .
X-rays can be used to destroy which harmful cells?
Muscle cells
Cancer cells
Animal cells
Nerves
They need to be carefully targeted in order to avoid damaging surrounding cells
8 .
Why do precautions need to be taken when X-ray machines are in use?
X-rays can cause cancer
X-rays can stop the growth of cells and even destroy them
X-rays can double cell growth causing internal issues
All of the above
X-rays are an example of ionising radiation
9 .
Which of the following absorbs the most X-rays?
Metal
Bone
Cloth
Both metal and bone
X-rays will travel through cloth easily
10 .
X-rays are part of which spectrum?
Electromagnetic spectrum
Chemical spectrum
ZX spectrum
Frequency spectrum
X-rays are electromagnetic waves and as such are part of the electromagnetic spectrum. As an electromagnetic wave, they are able to travel through the vacuum of space without difficulty
Author:  Martin Moore

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