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Phonics - Graphemes (2, 3 and 4-letter)
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Phonics - Graphemes (2, 3 and 4-letter)

Some sounds use 2, 3 or 4 letters together. Spot these graphemes to read longer words like ship, night and sure with growing confidence.

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Fascinating Fact:

Graphemes with 3 letters ure pop up in treasure words like pure, cure and sure in some reading schemes.

In KS1 English Phonics, children learn that some sounds are written with 2, 3 or even 4 letters. Recognising graphemes like sh, igh and ure helps them decode new words more accurately.

Key Terms

  • Grapheme: The written letters that show a sound, such as sh or ure.
  • Digraph: Two letters together that make one sound, like ch in chip.
  • Trigraph: Three letters together that make one sound, like igh in night.

Frequently Asked Questions (Click to see answers)

What is a grapheme in KS1 phonics?

In KS1 phonics, a grapheme is how a sound is written down. It might be one letter, like s, or several letters, like sh, igh or ure, all representing one sound.

How do I teach 2, 3 and 4 letter graphemes?

Introduce a few graphemes at a time, build word lists, use sound buttons, and let children blend the sounds to read and write simple words in short, regular practice sessions.

Which words use trigraphs like ure or igh?

Common examples include sure, pure and cure with ure, and high, light and night with igh. Spotting these chunks helps children read the whole word more smoothly.

Try These Related Quizzes

1 .
He said stop. What is the second sound in the word 'said'?
s
sa
sai
ai
The word said should be broke up like this: s + ai + d.
2 .
The girl has a hearing aid. How many phonics sounds are there in the word 'hearing'?
1
2
3
4
The word should be broken up like this: h + ear + i + ng.
3 .
Her wings are beautiful. What is the third sound in the word 'wings'?
w
in
ng
n
The word wings should be broken up into these sounds: w + i + ng + s.
4 .
You must not chuck a cricket ball. What is the last sound in 'chuck'?
k
ck
uck
ch
Often, if there is a 'k' sound at the end of a word, it will be written like this: 'ck'.
5 .
Which of these is not a sound?
s
st
a
sh
Because you pronounce the 's' and the 't' - we consider them to be two different sounds.
6 .
Which of these is not a sound?
oa
au
rd
or
By learning the phonics sounds, you will be able to break a word up into segments and sound it out.
7 .
They are jumping. What is the first sound in the word 'jumping'?
j
ju
jum
u
The word should be broken up like this: j + u + m + p + i + ng.
8 .
She has lovely hair. How many phonics sounds are there in the word 'hair'?
1
2
3
4
The word hair is broken up like this: h + air.
9 .
Which of these is not a sound?
igh
oa
ough
uo
Although it's not a sound, there is a word that has 'uo' in it: duo. Duo means two of something.
10 .
Ducks go quack. What is the first sound in the word 'quack'?
q
qu
qua
ua
Q and u are always written next to each other.
You can find more about this topic by visiting BBC Bitesize - Graphemes

Author:  Finola Waller (MEd, Primary School Teacher & KS1 English Quiz Writer)
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