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Level 3-4 Numbers - Fractions - Simplification
33 is the biggest number you can divide into both the numerator and denominator of 33/66.

Level 3-4 Numbers - Fractions - Simplification

Simplify fractions in KS3. Cancel common factors, write in lowest terms, and spot equivalent fractions to make calculations quicker and clearer.

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Fascinating Fact:

A fraction where the numerator is smaller than the denominator is called a proper fraction, and it can still be simplified.

In KS3 Maths, simplification means writing a fraction in its lowest terms. Divide the numerator and denominator by the same non-zero number, often their highest common factor, to get an equivalent fraction.

  • Numerator: The top number of a fraction that shows how many parts are taken.
  • Denominator: The bottom number that shows how many equal parts make a whole.
  • Highest Common Factor (HCF): The greatest number that divides both numerator and denominator exactly.
How do I simplify a fraction step by step?

Find a common factor of the numerator and denominator, divide both, and repeat until no common factors remain. Example: 18/24 → divide by 6 → 3/4.

What is the difference between proper and improper fractions?

A proper fraction has a smaller numerator than denominator, like 3/5. An improper fraction has a numerator at least as big as the denominator, like 9/5.

How do I know a fraction is in simplest form?

It is simplest when the numerator and denominator share no common factor greater than 1. In other words, their HCF is 1.

1 .
What is the biggest number you can divide into both the numerator and denominator of 71/92?
1/9
7/9
7/2
It's not possible
There is no common factor!
2 .
What is the biggest number you can divide into both the numerator and denominator of 12/18?
3
6
9
12
12 and 18 share a few factors - 1, 2, 3, 6 - but 6 is the highest
3 .
How would you write 33/66 in its simplest form?
33/66
3/6
1/2
3/4
'Simplest form' is also known as 'lowest terms'
4 .
What is the biggest number you can divide into both the numerator and denominator of 30/40?
3
4
10
There isn't one
Dividing 30 (the numerator) and 40 (the denominator) by 10 gives us 3/4
5 .
How would you write 10/100 in its simplest form?
1/10
1/100
100/10
10/1
The common factor is 10
6 .
How would you write 12/18 in its simplest form?
1/3
2/3
3/4
5/10
Divide 12 and 18 by 6 to find the answer
7 .
What is the biggest number you can divide into both the numerator and denominator of 33/66?
3
6
11
33
Although both numbers are divisible by 11, it isn't the HIGHEST common factor
8 .
How would you write 9/81 in its lowest terms?
1/9
9/1
9/8
It's not possible
Both numbers are divisible by 9
9 .
What is 30/40 as a fraction in its simplest form?
1/2
3/4
30/40
300/400
The highest common factor of 30 and 40 is 10
10 .
What is the simplest way of writing 1/2?
1/4
1/3
1/2
1/5
1/2 is in its simplest form already!
You can find more about this topic by visiting BBC Bitesize - How to simplify fractions

Author:  Frank Evans (Specialist 11 Plus Teacher and Tutor)

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