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Plants produce their own food by photosynthesis and are known as producers.

Food Chains and Webs 01

Food chains and webs show how energy moves through living things. In KS3 Science, pupils learn how plants, animals, and predators are linked in ecosystems.

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Fascinating Fact:

Apex predators, like sharks and lions, sit at the top of food chains.

In KS3 Science, pupils study food chains and food webs to understand how energy is transferred between organisms. They also explore predator-prey relationships and how balance keeps ecosystems stable.

Key Terms

Producer: A plant or algae that makes its own food using sunlight.
Consumer: An animal that eats plants or other animals for energy.
Apex Predator: An animal at the top of a food chain with no natural predators.

Frequently Asked Questions (Click to see answers)

What is the difference between a food chain and a food web?

A food chain shows a single energy pathway, while a food web combines many food chains to show how organisms are linked in an ecosystem.

What happens if one part of a food chain is removed?

If one species is removed, it can affect the whole chain or web, leading to overpopulation or decline of other species in the ecosystem.

What are apex predators in KS3 Science?

Apex predators are animals at the top of food chains, such as lions or sharks, which have no natural predators in their habitats.

Try These Related Quizzes

1 .

Plants are:

decomposers

herbivores

primary consumers

producers

Plants produce their own food by photosynthesis

2 .

Secondary consumers are usually:

carnivores

decomposers

herbivores

producers

They can also be omnivores

3 .

Omnivores eat:

animals and plants

only animals

only decomposers

only plants

Herbivores eat plants. Carnivores eat animals (meat)

4 .

Which of the following do you think is the odd one out in terms of their diet?

Sheep

Lion

Rabbit

Elephant

The others are herbivores, in other words they are all primary consumers. A lion is a carnivore and is a secondary consumer (or higher, depending on what it has just eaten)

5 .

Which of the following shows a correct food chain?

Barn Owl → Dormouse → Barley

Dormouse → Barley → Barn Owl

Fox → Rabbit → Grass

Grass → Rabbit → Fox

A food chain always starts with an organism that can photosynthesise

6 .

In the following food chain 'lettuce → rabbit → hawk', the rabbit is:

the primary consumer

the producer

the secondary consumer

the top carnivore

A food chain ends at the top carnivore

7 .

In the following food chain 'grass → grasshopper → rat → snake → hawk', the rat is:

a herbivore

the primary consumer

the secondary consumer

the top carnivore

It eats grasshoppers which are the primary consumers of this food chain

8 .

In the food chain 'grass → grasshopper → rat → snake → hawk', the hawk is .......

the primary consumer

the secondary consumer

the tertiary consumer

the top carnivore

Nothing eats the hawk - hunting and catching it would take more energy than the predator would get from eating the hawk

9 .

Rabbits and slugs eat lettuce. Hedgehogs eat slugs. Foxes eat rabbits. The rabbits get poisoned and many die. Which of the following is most likely to happen first?

Foxes and hedgehogs will decrease in number

Foxes and hedgehogs will increase in number

Slugs and foxes will increase in number

Slugs will increase in number

The slugs do not have as much competition when the rabbits have died so there is more slug food. More food means that a larger population of slugs can be supported in the food chain

10 .

Which of the following statements is NOT correct?

Food chains always start with an organism that can produce its own food by photosynthesis

In a food web, arrows can point in any direction

Primary consumers are herbivores

Secondary consumers can be carnivores or omnivores

The arrows always show which way the energy is passing. In other words, they will always point towards the animal that is doing the eating and away from whatever is being eaten

You can find more about this topic by visiting BBC Bitesize - Food chains and webs

Author: Sue Davison (Chemistry Specialist & KS3 Science Teacher, Quiz Writer)