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Air can enter and leave the lungs because of pressure changes.

Respiration 01

Respiration is how cells release energy from food. In KS3 Science, students explore aerobic and anaerobic respiration and how energy powers living processes.

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Fascinating Fact:

Anaerobic respiration does not need oxygen but makes less energy and lactic acid in muscles.

In KS3 Science, pupils learn how respiration supplies energy for growth, movement, and repair. Aerobic respiration uses oxygen, while anaerobic respiration provides energy without oxygen.

Key Terms

Respiration: The process of releasing energy from glucose inside cells.
Aerobic Respiration: Respiration that requires oxygen and produces lots of energy.
Anaerobic Respiration: Respiration without oxygen that produces less energy and waste products like lactic acid.

Frequently Asked Questions (Click to see answers)

What is respiration in KS3 Science?

Respiration is the process where cells break down glucose to release energy. This energy is used for movement, growth, and keeping cells alive.

What is the difference between aerobic and anaerobic respiration?

Aerobic respiration uses oxygen and makes lots of energy. Anaerobic respiration does not use oxygen, produces less energy, and creates waste like lactic acid.

Why do muscles ache after exercise?

During hard exercise, muscles may not get enough oxygen, so they use anaerobic respiration. This produces lactic acid, which causes muscle fatigue and soreness.

Try These Related Quizzes

1 .

The percentage of oxygen in the air breathed in is .......

0.03%

21%

79%

That's about one fifth

2 .

The percentage of oxygen in the air breathed out is .......

16%

21%

79%

It is a common misunderstanding to think that all of the oxygen that goes into the lungs is taken into the body. If it was, mouth to mouth resuscitation would not be possible

3 .

The percentage of carbon dioxide in inhaled air is how much?

0.03%

21%

79%

There is only a very small percentage of carbon dioxide in the air but it is enough to create a greenhouse effect that keeps the Earth warm enough to support life. Since the middle of the twentieth century, the percentage of carbon dioxide has increased faster than ever before. This increases the greenhouse effect and causes global warming

4 .

The percentage of carbon dioxide in exhaled air is about how much?

16%

21%

79%

That is significantly higher than the amount breathed in. It is a common misunderstanding that we breathe out only carbon dioxide

5 .

The percentage of which of these gases of the air breathed in remains unchanged in the air that we breathe out?

Carbon dioxide

Nitrogen

Oxygen

Water vapour

The percentage of water vapour increases in exhaled air

6 .

Which is the correct order showing the route that oxygen takes to enter the blood?

Alveoli, bronchioles, bronchi, trachea

Bronchi, bronchioles, trachea, alveoli

Trachea, alveoli, bronchi, bronchioles

Trachea, bronchi, bronchioles, alveoli

The walls of the alveoli are very thin and covered in blood capillaries. This allows the red blood cells to absorb oxygen as they pass through the lungs

7 .

Gas exchange takes place in the alveoli. Which is not true?

The alveoli have a moist surface

The alveoli have a small surface area

The alveoli have a very good blood supply

The alveoli have very thin permeable walls

They have a very large surface area which makes the absorption of oxygen and removal of carbon dioxide as efficient as possible. Smoking damages the alveoli and so getting oxygen into the blood is a lot harder

8 .

Oxygen passes from the alveoli into the blood. How is it transported?

By blood plasma

By dissolving in water

By red blood cells

By white blood cells

Haemoglobin in red blood cells joins with oxygen

9 .

Carbon dioxide passes into the alveoli from .......

arteries

blood plasma

platelets

white blood cells

The carbon dioxide is released from all living cells during cellular respiration

10 .

Air can enter and leave the lungs because .......

of pressure changes

the volume of the thorax (chest) remains the same

there is gas exchange

there is no pressure change

The animal uses its chest muscles to increase the volume of its lungs. The air inside the lungs is therefore more spread out than before, so it has a lower pressure. The higher pressure of the air outside of the lungs forces air into the lungs. The opposite is true of breathing out

You can find more about this topic by visiting BBC Bitesize - Respiration

Author: Sue Davison (Chemistry Specialist & KS3 Science Teacher, Quiz Writer)