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Skeleton, Joints and Muscles 01

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The flexor muscle for the elbow joint is the bicep.

Skeleton, Joints and Muscles 01

Skeletons support our bodies, protect vital organs, and work with muscles to let us move. Joints connect bones and allow different types of movement.

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Fascinating Fact:

Babies are born with about 300 bones, but as they grow many fuse together, leaving 206 bones in the adult skeleton.

In KS3 Science, students study the skeleton, joints, and muscles to understand how the body is structured and how it produces movement. This topic also shows how bones, cartilage, and muscles work together.

  • Joint: A place where two or more bones meet, allowing movement or stability.
  • Cartilage: A smooth, flexible tissue that reduces friction at joints.
  • Tendon: A tough cord that attaches muscle to bone.
What are the three types of joints in the human body?

The human body has fixed joints that don’t move, slightly movable joints like those in the spine, and freely movable joints such as knees and elbows.

What are the main functions of the skeleton?

The skeleton gives the body shape, protects vital organs such as the brain and heart, and works with muscles to allow movement.

How do muscles and bones work together?

Muscles are attached to bones by tendons. When muscles contract, they pull on bones, creating movement at the joints.

1 .
Which of the following is NOT a bone in the arm?
Femur
Humerus
Radius
Ulna
The femur is in the leg - it's the thigh bone
2 .
The elbow is a hinge joint. Which is the flexor muscle?
Biceps
Deltoid
Quadraceps
Triceps
This bends the arm by contracting
3 .
Antagonistic action of two muscles means .......
Both muscles contract
Both muscles relax
As one muscle contracts the other relaxes
Both muscles do nothing
Antagonistic means working against each other
4 .
The function of the skull is .......
to allow movement of the neck
to allow you to hear
to allow you to see
to protect the brain
The bones of a baby's head are joined flexibly. This allows the head to slightly change shape and makes it easier for them to be born. As they grow, the skull bones grow by a small amount and join together solidly
5 .
Which of the following is NOT a function (job) of the skeleton?
A framework of bones
Protecting organs
Supporting the body
To allow movement
A skeleton is a framework of bones but this is not its job, it is its description
6 .
Muscles are joined to the bones by .......
cartilage
ligaments
patellas
tendons
Tendon injuries can take many months to heal. In some cases, it can take over a year
7 .
At a joint the ends of the bones are covered in .......
cartilage
fluid
muscles
tendons
The cartilage stops the bones rubbing on each other and wearing away
8 .
Bones are held together at a joint by .......
cartilage
ligaments
muscles
tendons
If you injure a ligament, it can take many months for it to recover. This is unlike an injury to a muscle which normally only takes a few days to heal, depending on how bad the injury is and how healthy you are
9 .
Which of the following are needed for healthy bones?
Calcium and vitamin C
Calcium and vitamin D
Iron and vitamin C
Iron and vitamin D
Calcium and vitamin D are found in eggs and milk
10 .
Which is the extensor muscle in the arm?
Biceps
Deltoid
Quadraceps
Triceps
This straightens the arm by contracting
You can find more about this topic by visiting BBC Bitesize - The skeletal system

Author:  Sue Davison (Chemistry Specialist & KS3 Science Teacher, Quiz Writer)

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