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Grade 3 - Minor Scales (Part 3)

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Grade 3 - Minor Scales (Part 3)

Explore Grade 3 minor scales. Learn natural, harmonic, and melodic forms, plus key signatures for A, E, and D minor. Build fluency through short, focused practice.

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Fascinating Fact:

Key signatures to remember: A minor has none, E minor has F sharp, D minor has B flat. Practise short scales to lock them in.

In Specialist Music Theory at Grade 3, you refine minor scales and their key signatures. This stage focuses on quick recognition of A, E, and D minor, linking each to its relative major and using efficient practice to memorise patterns.

  • Key signature: Sharps or flats placed after the clef that show which notes are altered throughout the piece.
  • Relative major: The major key that shares the same key signature as a minor key, such as C major for A minor.
  • Leading note: The seventh degree that often rises to the tonic. In harmonic minor it is raised to strengthen the pull.
What are the key signatures for A minor, E minor, and D minor?

A minor has no sharps or flats. E minor has one sharp, F sharp. D minor has one flat, B flat.

How can I spot a minor key from the key signature?

Match the key signature to a relative major, then check the melody and final note. If it centres on the minor tonic, the piece is in the minor key.

Why does harmonic minor raise the seventh note?

Raising the seventh creates a strong leading note that pulls to the tonic. This makes cadences sound clearer and helps melodies feel resolved.

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Author:  Kathleen Shuster (experienced music teacher and music theory writer)

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