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Grade 5 - Scales Part 1

Scales are music’s map. In Grade 5 you’ll spot key signatures quickly and choose major, natural, harmonic or melodic minor with confidence.

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Fascinating Fact:

Relative minor sits on the sixth degree of the major and shares its key signature. Example G major to E minor.

In Specialist Music Theory Grade 5 (Scales Part 1), you’ll identify key signatures and choose the correct minor form. You’ll use relatives, accidentals, and scale degrees to build fluent major and minor scales.

Key Terms

Relative Minor: The minor key built on the major scale’s sixth degree; both keys share the same key signature.
Harmonic Minor: A minor scale with a raised 7th degree, giving a leading note that strongly pulls to the tonic.
Melodic Minor: Minor scale with raised 6th and 7th ascending, usually returning to natural minor (lowered 7th and 6th) when descending.

Frequently Asked Questions (Click to see answers)

How do I find the relative minor of any major key?

Count to the 6th note of the major scale, or go down a minor third from the tonic. That key is the relative minor and shares the same key signature.

What’s the difference between harmonic and melodic minor?

Harmonic minor raises the 7th degree both ways, creating a strong leading note. Melodic minor raises 6th and 7th ascending, but usually lowers them when descending.

How can I work out key signatures quickly for Grade 5?

Use the circle of fifths and the order of sharps or flats. Then choose the relative major or minor to match the shared key signature.