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A footballer's boot about to kick a ball

Wonder Wanderers scored 115 goals this season!

Handling Data 3 (Easy)

Handling data helps you recognise patterns and make predictions. In 11 Plus Maths, you’ll learn about probability, graphs, and how data tells a story.

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Fascinating Fact:

If a coin is flipped 100 times, it should land on heads about 50 times, but probability loves to surprise you with 47 or 53 instead.

In 11 Plus Maths, pupils explore how probability and data analysis work hand in hand. By interpreting results, they can make predictions and understand how chance plays a role in everyday life.

Key Terms

Probability: The likelihood of something happening, measured from 0 (impossible) to 1 (certain).
Data: Facts or numbers collected to be analysed and used for decision making.
Prediction: An educated guess based on data or past results.

Parents can learn more about 11 Plus courses and preparation in our guide to 11 Plus courses and materials.

Frequently Asked Questions (Click to see answers)

What is probability in maths?

Probability is a way of describing how likely something is to happen. For example, flipping a coin gives a 50% chance of landing on heads.

How can data be shown visually?

Data can be shown using bar charts, pictograms, line graphs, or pie charts. Each helps make information easier to understand.

Why is probability important in real life?

Probability helps people make decisions, from weather forecasts and games to insurance and scientific research. It turns uncertainty into measurable chances.

Try These Related Quizzes

1 .

Henry has been counting sheep using tally marks. He has 5 sets of tally marks plus 3 marks in a sixth set. How many sheep has Henry counted?

Remember this fact: Here are the tally marks: l l l l, the fifth tally mark is written diagonally across the four shown here: slanting upwards from left to right. Each set of tally marks is worth 5 so, (5 x 5) + 3 = 28

2 .

What is meant by the phrase ‘collecting data'?

Making a graph or chart

Gathering information

Organising information

Conducting a survey

Before data (information) can be interpreted as a graph or chart, first you have to collect it! Conducting a survey is one method of collecting information, but there are many others

3 .

108 people were asked whether they were vegetarians. 18 said yes. What fraction of a pie chart would be taken up by non-vegetarians?

¹⁄₆

¹⁄₁₀

⁵⁄₆

⁹⁄₁₀

18 = ¹?₆ of 108: 108 ÷ 18 = 6

4 .

This season, Wonder Wanderers scored 115 goals. Using a pictogram, if 1 football represents 10 goals, how many footballs would you use to show this information?

10.5

11.5

115 ÷ 10 = 11.5. You have to divide 115 by 10 because you want to find out how many 'lots' of 10 there are in 115: each 'lot' equals 10 footballs: this is the same as adding 'lots' of 10 to itself until you get to 115

5 .

In a pictogram showing the favourite type of film children in a class have, 1 laughing face = 6 people who like comedies. If there are 1¹⁄₂ laughing faces on the pictogram, how many children in the class like comedies?

7.5

1¹?₂ x 6 = 1.5 x 6 = 9

6 .

In a poll of 250 people, 40 said that they preferred winter to summer. How would this information be shown on a pie chart?

¹⁄₆ prefer winter; ⁵⁄₆ prefer summer

⁴⁄₂₅ prefer winter; ²¹⁄₂₅ prefer summer

¹⁄₅ prefer winter; ⁴⁄₅ prefer summer

¹⁄₁₂ prefer winter; ¹¹⁄₁₂ prefer summer

40 is four twenty-fifths of 250, so ⁴?₂₅ would be used by those who prefer winter. The remaining ²¹?₂₅ would be used by those who prefer summer

7 .

What is the best way to represent a poll, in which 25% of people like kippers for breakfast, 15% prefer porridge, and 60% like cereal?

Bar chart

Pie chart

Pictogram

Any of the above

Bar charts, pie charts or pictograms are all equally valid ways to show the information

8 .

Using a bar chart, Emily carefully recorded the number of different types of bird she could see at a nature reserve. The largest bar was for sparrows, and the smallest was for blackbirds. What does this tell us?

Emily saw more sparrows and fewer blackbirds than any other type of bird

Emily saw no blackbirds

Emily saw more sparrows than any other type of bird

Emily saw only sparrows

Emily saw more sparrows than any other type of bird, however, she did have a bar for blackbirds so must have seen some of them

9 .

19 people were asked what was their favourite meal. Nobody picked risotto. What fraction of a pie chart would be taken up by those whose favourite meal was not risotto?

None of it

All of it

Half of it

Not enough information to answer

If nobody chose risotto, then it would have no place on the pie chart – all of the chart would therefore be taken by the other choices

10 .

What sort of graph or chart is divided into segments?

A bar chart

A pictogram

A pie chart

A line graph

In a pie chart, the ‘slices’ of pie are called segments or sectors