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Formulas and Equations (F)
Formula One teams need to know all about formulas!

Formulas and Equations (F)

Learn GCSE Foundation formulas. Substitute values, rearrange equations, and choose correct units. Apply area, perimeter, Pythagoras, and speed = distance ÷ time with sensible rounding.

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Fascinating Fact:

In bike repair, Pythagoras says hypotenuse² = a² + b². A right triangle with legs 6 and 8 has hypotenuse √(36 + 64) = 10.

In GCSE Maths (Foundation), formulas link quantities like lengths, areas, volumes, and speed. You’ll substitute numbers, keep units consistent, and rearrange to make a chosen variable the subject with clear algebraic steps.

  • Formula: A rule using symbols, e.g., A = πr² or v = u + at.
  • Subject of the formula: The variable isolated, e.g., from V = lwh to h = V⁄(lw).
  • Substitution: Replacing letters with values (with units) before calculating.
How do I rearrange a formula safely?

Do the same operation to both sides and reverse the order of operations. For example, from V = lwh, divide by lw to get h = V⁄(lw).

What units should I use with area and volume?

Area uses square units (cm², m²). Volume uses cubic units (cm³, m³) or capacity (litres). Convert measurements first, then substitute.

How do I estimate to check a formula answer?

Round inputs to 1–2 significant figures and recompute. If the estimate is close, the original answer is likely sensible.

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You can find more about this topic by visiting BBC Bitesize - Solving linear equations

Author:  Sally Thompson (MSc Operational Research, Secondary Maths Teacher & Quiz Writer)

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