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If 6 - 5 = 1, then 46 - 5 = 41.

Year 2 Calculation - Addition and Subtraction of One-Digit Numbers

Add and subtract one-digit numbers quickly. Count on, count back, make ten, and use doubles to solve neat sums in your head during everyday problems.

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Fascinating Fact:

9 + 6 ? make 10 first. 9 + 1 = 10 then +5 = 15. Ten is a friendly bridge.

In KS1 Maths, Year 2 pupils practise adding and subtracting one-digit numbers using counting on or back, making ten, and doubles. These strategies build fast, accurate mental methods for everyday questions.

Key Terms

Make ten: Change a sum to reach 10 first, then add what is left, e.g. 9 + 6 ? 9 + 1 + 5 = 15.
Count back: Start at a number and step backwards to subtract, e.g. 14 − 3 ? 13, 12, 11.
Double: Add a number to itself, like double 7 = 14. Near doubles help too, e.g. 7 + 8 = 15.

Warm up with quick practice: try the Addition Game before you start the quiz.

Frequently Asked Questions (Click to see answers)

What is the make ten strategy in Year 2?

Make ten means re-grouping to reach 10 first because 10 is easy to work from. For example, 8 + 5 becomes 8 + 2 + 3 = 10 + 3 = 13.

Should I count on or count back when subtracting?

Use count back for small subtractions, like 14 − 3. For finding differences, counting on from the smaller to the bigger number can be quicker.

How do doubles help with one-digit sums?

Doubles give quick anchors. If you know double 6 = 12, then 6 + 7 is one more = 13. Near doubles reduce the steps you need to count.

Try These Related Quizzes

Question 1

What is 51 + 8?

Changing the units in the calculation to 58 + 1 might make it easier, and still gives the same answer

Question 2

What is 42 + 8?

Knowing number bonds may help to recognise that 2 + 8 = 10

Question 3

What is 12 - 7?

Counting up from 7 to 12 would give the same answer as counting back from 12 to 7

Question 4

What is 34 - 5?

Try to picture this calculation as 34 - 4 - 1 to make it easier to calculate mentally

Question 5

What is 20 - 8?

Knowing number bonds to 20 is useful for subtractions such as this

Question 6

What is 60 - 8?

Knowing number bonds well is useful in all sorts of calculations

Question 7

What is 46 - 9?

Taking away 10 and then adding back a 1 is useful when subtracting 9

Question 8

What is 5 + 32?

325

532

Again, changing the numbers round makes the calculation easier, and still gives the same answer

Question 9

What is 4 + 20?

204

420

This addition could be done in a different order to make it easier: 20 + 4

Question 10

What is 55 - 7?

Counting back in two jumps (of 5 and 2) makes this calculation easier

You can find more about this topic by visiting BBC Bitesize - Adding and subtracting

Author: Angela Smith (Primary School Teacher & KS1 Quiz Writer)

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