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Addition and Subtraction (Year 3)

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A good strategy for adding 9 is to add 10 and take away 1.

Addition and Subtraction (Year 3)

Addition and subtraction are the building blocks of maths. In Year 3, pupils develop speed and confidence with written and mental strategies for everyday number problems.

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Fascinating Fact:

If you swap the order in an addition, the answer doesn’t change, it’s like 5 + 7 or 7 + 5, both give you 12.

In KS2 Maths, Year 3 pupils practise using addition and subtraction in written and mental forms. These skills support problem solving in real life and prepare learners for advanced number work.

  • Addition: Combining two or more numbers to find the total.
  • Subtraction: Taking one number away from another to find the difference.
  • Sum: The result you get when numbers are added together.
What is the commutative property in addition?

The commutative property means you can swap the order of numbers in addition and still get the same answer, for example 3 + 8 is the same as 8 + 3.

Why is subtraction not commutative?

Subtraction is not commutative because changing the order of the numbers changes the answer. For example, 9 - 5 is 4 but 5 - 9 is -4.

How can I check my subtraction answers?

You can check subtraction by using addition. For example, if 15 - 7 = 8, then adding 8 + 7 should bring you back to 15.

1 .
Which will not total 100?
65 + 35
55 + 45
75 + 35
85 + 15
75 + 35 = 110
2 .
75 subtract 40.
30
35
40
45
7 - 4 = 3 so 70 - 40 = 30
30 + 5 = 35
3 .
Which is a good strategy for adding 9?
Add 20 and take away 11
Add 10 and take away 1
Take away 10 add 1
Take away 20 add 11
e.g. 35 + 9 so 35 + 10 = 45 then 45 - 1 = 44
4 .
Add 8, 9 and 4.
17
20
21
25
A good strategy would be 8 + 10 - 1 = 17
17 + 3 = 20 plus 1 left over = 21
5 .
Which is the missing number: 7 + __ = 20?
10
12
13
14
One way to work this out is to take 7 away from 20 which will give you the answer 13
6 .
What is 78 + 56?
134
138
124
128
It might help to add the tens first and then the ones
7 .
Which number sentence is incorrect?
8 + 5 = 13
13 - 5 = 8
5 + 8 = 13
8 - 5 = 13
The other number sentence that would be correct is 13 - 8 = 5
8 .
Which is the best method of calculating 45 + 46?
Double 45 add 1
Add the tens first and then the ones
Count on from 45
Add the ones first and then the tens
45 x 2 = 90
90 + 1 = 91
9 .
What is the sum of 14 and 8?
18
20
21
22
14 + 10 = 24
24 - 2 = 22
10 .
17 take away 8.
9
10
11
12
17 - 10 = 7
7 + 2 = 9
You can find more about this topic by visiting BBC Bitesize - Adding and subtracting

Author:  Amanda Swift (Primary School Teacher & Educational Content Developer)

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