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Information (Reliability, Validity and Bias) 01
To find information on the internet you use a search engine.

Information (Reliability, Validity and Bias) 01

Not all information is trustworthy. Learn how to check reliability, validity and bias, so your data conclusions are fair, accurate, and backed by evidence.

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Fascinating Fact:

Sample size affects reliability, results from a small group can be less dependable than results from a larger, well-chosen group.

In KS3 ICT, you learn to judge whether information and data can be trusted. This includes checking where it came from, whether the method was fair, and if the results could be misleading because of errors, bias, or poor sampling.

Key Terms

  • Reliability: How consistent results are if the same test or survey is repeated in the same way.
  • Validity: Whether data genuinely measures what it claims to measure, using the right method and questions.
  • Bias: When results are unfairly influenced, for example by leading questions, a one-sided source, or a non-representative group.

Frequently Asked Questions (Click to see answers)

What is the difference between reliability and validity?

Reliability is about getting consistent results when you repeat the same method. Validity is about whether the method is actually measuring the right thing in the first place.

How can I spot bias in information online?

You can spot bias by checking who created the information, what they might gain, whether other sources agree, and if the language or evidence is one-sided or selective.

Why does sample size matter when collecting data?

Sample size matters because small samples can give unusual results by chance. A larger, well-chosen sample is more likely to reflect the wider group you are trying to understand.

Try These Related Quizzes

1 .
The internet is a source of information. What is a URL?
A list of search results
A search engine
The address of a web page
The name of a web page
The URL tells a browser where to find the website.
2 .
URL stands for .......
Un-identifiable Resource Locator
Uniform Readable Locator
Uniform Recycling Locator
Uniform Resource Locator
It was invented in 1994 by Tim Berners-Lee, the person who 'invented' the World Wide Web
3 .
To find information on the internet you use a .......
browser
search engine
spreadsheet
web engine
A browser displays information but search engines are used to find it
4 .
Search Engines produce lots of results which .......
are nearly always written by experts in a subject
are usually not checked by anybody
can always be trusted
have always been checked by experts
Anybody can create a web resource about anything. Search engines work automatically, no-one checks if the results are sites containing reliable information
5 .
Lots of web resources contain opinions. An opinion is .......
a statement which has no truth
an argument that can be proved
someone's point of view
the truth about something
The author may or may not have any real expertise
6 .
Some authors select information to favour a viewpoint.
This could mean their information is biased
This is normal practice and can be ignored
This means the viewpoint should be ignored
This is OK so long as the information is factual
This is normal, for example, someone who doesn't believe that global warming is real will choose information to back up their claims, whether it is valid or not. It can sometimes be very difficult to be objective
7 .
An opinion or viewpoint is biased if .......
it has anything to do with politics
I don't like it
it ignores facts which don't agree with it
it is based on facts which I don't agree with
Any facts and observations that don't agree with a theory should be checked to determine if the theory is wrong and needs changing or to find out if something regarded as being a fact is actually correct
8 .
Website resources are not likely to be biased if .......
the authors name is given
the author has a title like Dr. or Prof.
the web site has professional looking graphics
None of these
Sadly it's not that easy to tell. All sites should be validated. If you are not sure about a site, it would be worth having a word with a teacher
9 .
Which is not a good form of website validation?
Carefully entering the URL in the address bar
Finding what other sites are linked to a site
Looking up a domain name's WHOIS record
Using a search engine to check an author
Even doing the other three things does not guarantee that the information on a site is valid
10 .
Which of these is a fact?
All scientists believe in global warming
It always rains in Wales
London is the capital city of England
Sunderland is the greatest football team in the country
Be careful not to confuse a fact with an opinion
Author:  Duncan Daish
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