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The MMR vaccine protects against what?

Unit 1 - Antibiotics

In this GCSE Biology quiz you will learn how antibiotics treat bacterial infections, why they do not kill viruses, and why careful use helps slow resistance.

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Fascinating Fact:

Different antibiotics target different types of bacteria, so doctors choose specific antibiotics depending on the infection and the bacteria involved.

In GCSE Biology, you study how antibiotics are used to treat bacterial infections, why they must be prescribed and taken carefully, and how overuse or misuse can lead to antibiotic resistance. You also learn why antibiotics are effective against bacteria but not viruses, which is important for understanding different treatments for infectious diseases.

Key Terms

Antibiotic: A medicine that kills bacteria or stops them growing, helping the body to fight bacterial infections.
Bacterium: A single celled microorganism that can reproduce quickly, sometimes causing disease in humans, animals, and plants.
Antibiotic resistance: When bacteria change so that an antibiotic no longer kills them or slows their growth effectively.

Frequently Asked Questions (Click to see answers)

What are antibiotics used for in GCSE Biology?

In GCSE Biology, antibiotics are described as medicines used to treat bacterial infections by killing bacteria or stopping them reproducing, so that the immune system can clear the infection.

Why do antibiotics not work on viruses?

Antibiotics do not work on viruses because they target structures and processes found in bacteria, such as cell walls or specific enzymes, which viruses do not have.

How can we use antibiotics safely to reduce resistance?

We can use antibiotics safely by only taking them when prescribed, completing the full course, never sharing leftover tablets, and avoiding antibiotics for common viral infections like colds.

Try These Related Quizzes

1 .

Bacteria in schools are usually cultured at or below which of the following temperatures?

40 degrees C

35 degrees C

25 degrees C

20 degrees C

Culturing bacteria at higher temperatures, especially at or near to body temperature, could lead to the growth of human pathogens. Incubating the petri dishes at this temperature or below reduces the risk. Some schools reduce the risk further by incubating bacteria at room temperature which is usually 20 degrees C or below

2 .

What does a pathogen cause?

Addiction

Heart attacks

Disease

Hallucinations

They are things like bacteria, viruses and single celled organisms

3 .

What is agar used for in microbiology?

Provide nutrients for growth

Dilute the bacteria to avoid competition

As an antibiotic to kill unwanted bacteria

To maintain the stability of the solid growth media

It is a gel that is obtained from certain red coloured algae

4 .

The MMR vaccine protects against measles, mumps and which other condition?

Red eye

Rickets

Rhinitis

Rubella

Some people believe that the MMR vaccination does more harm than the diseases it protects against

5 .

MRSA is a type of bacteria that is resistant to what?

Antiviral drugs

Antibiotics

Pain killers

Statins

MRSA stands for Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus

6 .

Antibiotics are not effective against which of the following?

Bacteria

Viruses

Fungi

Protoctista

Only special anti-viral drugs are effective against viruses

7 .

Mutation of bacteria can lead to new strains of bacteria which are...

immune to antibiotics

resistant to antibiotics

susceptible to antibiotics

killed by all antibiotics

Mutation in bacteria occurs over short timescales as they reproduce rapidly which is why antibiotic resistant bacteria have developed in just a few decades. The hard part of this question is to decide whether 'immune to antibiotics' or 'resistant to antibiotics' is the correct option to choose. Medical professionals and the GCSE syllabus all refer to the resistance of bacteria to antibiotics, therefore the option 'resistant to antibiotics' has to be the correct answer. Always remember, some questions in your GCSE exam will test if you know the correct words to use

8 .

Release of which substance from pathogens makes us feel ill?

Antitoxin

Toxin

Hormone

Enzyme

Toxin is another word for a poisonous substance

9 .

What name is given to sterile handling techniques in microbiology?

Septic

Aseptic

Skeptic

Diagnostic

Aseptic techniques ensure that unwanted bacteria are less likely to be cultured by accident

10 .

What do white blood cells use to protect us against pathogens?

Antibodies

Platelets

Mucous

Auxin

White blood cells (leucocytes) protect us in a variety of ways including the release of antitoxins and antibodies

You can find more about this topic by visiting BBC Bitesize - Treating, curing and preventing disease

Author: Donna Davidson (GCSE Biology Teacher & Examiner, Quiz Writer)

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