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The heart pumps blood through the circulatory system.

Unit 3 - Circulatory System

In GCSE Biology, you study the circulatory system and learn how the heart, blood vessels and blood transport substances to keep the body supplied with oxygen and nutrients.

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Fascinating Fact:

Arteries have thick, muscular and elastic walls. They carry blood away from the heart at high pressure and help smooth out the pressure changes from each heartbeat.

In GCSE Biology, the circulatory system is studied as a transport network made up of the heart, blood and blood vessels. You learn how this system delivers materials to cells and removes waste so organs can work efficiently.

Key Terms

Circulatory system: The body system made up of the heart, blood and blood vessels that transports substances to and from all body cells.
Heart: A muscular organ that contracts rhythmically to pump blood through the circulatory system around the lungs and the rest of the body.
Double circulation: A system where blood passes through the heart twice in one complete circuit: once to the lungs and once to the body tissues.

Frequently Asked Questions (click to see answers)

What is the circulatory system in GCSE Biology?

In GCSE Biology, the circulatory system is the transport system of the body. It includes the heart, blood and blood vessels, which move substances such as oxygen, nutrients and carbon dioxide.

How does the heart pump blood around the body?

The heart has muscular walls and four chambers. Rhythmic contractions push blood first to the lungs to pick up oxygen and then to the rest of the body so tissues receive oxygen and nutrients.

What is meant by a double circulatory system?

A double circulatory system means blood flows through the heart twice in one circuit. One loop takes blood between the heart and lungs, and the other loop takes blood between the heart and the body.

Try These Related Quizzes

1 .

What are released from white blood cells in order to protect the body from pathogens?

Clots

Antibodies

Antidotes

Antigens

The release of antibodies is triggered when a white blood cell detects antigens from the pathogen. Individual white blood cells are sensitive to different antigens

2 .

Which vessels have valves and thin walls?

Arteries

Veins

Capillaries

Lymph

These return the blood to the heart

3 .

In which part of the heart does the aorta originate?

Left atrium

Right atrium

Left ventricle

Right ventricle

The aorta leads blood from the heart to the rest of the body. The Pulmonary artery takes deoxygenated blood from the heart to the lungs

4 .

Inside which artery would a stent be placed?

Aorta

Pulmonary

Renal

Coronary

The stent will keep the artery open and make it less likely for a clot to form a blockage. A blocked coronary artery causes a heart attack

5 .

Humans have a double circulation system. How many circuits are there in this system?

One

Two

Three

Four

There are two circuits for the blood to flow through. One to the lungs and back to the heart, and a second circuit from the heart to the organs of the body and back to the heart again

6 .

What are the chambers of the heart called?

Arteries and veins

Arteries and ventricles

Atria and ventricles

Aorta and vena cava

The atria receive the incoming blood and the ventricles pump it out

7 .

The job of heart valves is to prevent what?

Flow

Back flow

Rupture

Bleeding

Valves prevent blood from going back in the wrong direction. Valves at the top of the heart prevent blood from going back into the heart again

8 .

Which type of blood cell carries oxygen?

Red blood cells

White blood cells

Platelets

Phloem

Red blood cells contain haemoglobin, a protein that can absorb and release oxygen

9 .

Cigarette packets contain health warnings. Cigarettes can cause heart attacks when what forms in the coronary artery?

Blood clot

Blood clog

Blood group

Blood loss

Other effects include: raising levels of bad cholesterol which clogs up arteries, narrowing the arteries which reduces the amount of blood that can flow and increases blood pressure, and the carbon monoxide from incomplete combustion binds with your red blood cells, lowering the amount of oxygen the blood can carry

10 .

Which blood vessels have very thick walls?

Arteries

Veins

Capillaries

Lymph

They need to have strong walls as the blood is at a higher pressure when it leaves the heart than when it returns

You can find more about this topic by visiting BBC Bitesize - The circulatory system (CCEA)

Author: Donna Davidson (GCSE Biology Teacher & Examiner, Quiz Writer)