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Unit 4 - Key/Independent Variable
In graphs, the key variable is always plotted on the x axis.

Unit 4 - Key/Independent Variable

This GCSE Biology quiz focuses on independent variables, helping you practise choosing which factor to change in an experiment and explaining how it affects the results you collect.

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Fascinating Fact:

In a photosynthesis experiment using pondweed, light intensity might be the independent variable. You could change it by moving a lamp closer or further away.

In GCSE Biology, you must be able to pick out the independent variable in an investigation. This is the factor you deliberately change to see how it affects your results.

  • Independent variable: The factor in an experiment that you choose to change on purpose.
  • Dependent variable: The factor you measure to see how it is affected by the independent variable.
  • Control variable: A factor you keep the same so that the experiment is fair and the results are valid.
What is an independent variable in GCSE Biology?

In GCSE Biology, the independent variable is the one thing you deliberately change in an experiment, such as light intensity, temperature or pH, to see how it affects the outcome.

How do I choose a good independent variable for an investigation?

A good independent variable is a factor you can change in clear steps, such as distance from a lamp or concentration of a solution, and that links directly to the question being tested.

Why should only one independent variable be changed at a time?

Only changing one independent variable at a time means any differences in the dependent variable are more likely to be caused by that factor, making your conclusion more valid and reliable.

1 .
Controlled variables are always kept...
the same
different
larger
smaller
Controlled variables are all the other variables, except the key variable and the dependent variable
2 .
In graphs, the key variable is always plotted on the...
x axis
y axis
both axes
does not matter
The key variable is always plotted on the x axis and the dependent variable is always plotted on the y axis
3 .
Uncontrolled variables may make the results...
unreal
accurate
unreliable
true
Careful control of the variables is the key to a successful investigation
4 .
If we change the value of a factor affecting the experiment, it must be the ...
key variable
a controlled variable
dependent variable
an anomaly
During the experiment, this must be the only variable you change in order to ensure a fair test
5 .
The key variable is...
the variable that is changed by the experimenter
the variable that is controlled by the environment of the experiment
the variable that is measured by the experimenter
the variable that is always decreased in value
During the experiment, you can add extra values for the independent variable if you need to as it is in your control. This can help to make your results more accurate and reliable
6 .
A variable in an experiment is...
a factor we can change or measure or control
a factor in the environment
something which changes
something which stays the same
There may be factors outside of your control. These variables need to be monitored so that you can decide if they had an effect on your results during the experiment
7 .
You decide these values at the planning stage of your investigation.
Dependent variable only
Control variables only
Dependent and control variables
Key independent variable and control variables
It is up to you to fix their values
8 .
The key variable is the factor we are...
changing
keeping constant
ignoring
measuring
You decide the value of the key variable when you design the experiment. It can also be referred to as the independent variable or the key independent variable
9 .
I think that as we increase the temperature, the number of germinating seeds will increase. The dependent variable is ...
temperature
number of seeds
increase
decrease
What you intend to measure is the dependent variable
10 .
I think that as the mass increases, the speed will decrease. Which is the key variable?
Mass
Speed
Increase
Decrease
The key (independent) variable is the one that you think will cause something else to change
You can find more about this topic by visiting BBC Bitesize - Practical skills

Author:  Donna Davidson (GCSE Biology Teacher & Examiner, Quiz Writer)

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