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Cold War: 1963-1969 - The Invasion Of Czechoslovakia
The invasion of Czechoslovakia began on the night of the 20th of August, 1968.

Cold War: 1963-1969 - The Invasion Of Czechoslovakia

Explore the Prague Spring of 1968, when reforms in Czechoslovakia challenged Soviet control and the Cold War superpowers watched closely as tanks rolled into Prague.

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Fascinating Fact:

The period of reform is called the Prague Spring. Many Czechs and Slovaks hoped for a fairer and more open form of communism.

In GCSE History, this topic explores why reforms began in Czechoslovakia in 1968, how the Soviet Union and Warsaw Pact forces responded, and what the invasion revealed about Cold War power.

  • Prague Spring: A period of political reform in Czechoslovakia in 1968, led by Alexander Dub?ek, aiming to relax censorship and increase personal freedoms.
  • Brezhnev Doctrine: A Soviet policy that claimed the USSR could intervene in any communist country if its actions threatened socialism in the wider bloc.
  • Warsaw Pact: A military alliance of communist states in Eastern Europe, led by the Soviet Union, formed to counter NATO during the Cold War.
What was the Prague Spring in Czechoslovakia in 1968?

The Prague Spring was a series of reforms introduced in Czechoslovakia in 1968 that tried to create a more liberal, democratic style of communism, including freer media and more debate.

Why did the Soviet Union invade Czechoslovakia in 1968?

The Soviet Union invaded because leaders in Moscow feared that Czechoslovakia’s reforms would weaken communist control, spread to other states, and damage Soviet authority in Eastern Europe.

How should I revise the invasion of Czechoslovakia for GCSE History?

For revision, learn the causes, the main events of August 1968, and the consequences such as the Brezhnev Doctrine, then practise exam questions that compare Czechoslovakia with other Cold War crises.

1 .
Who was the Soviet choice of Czechoslovak Party Secretary after the invasion?
Kadar
Gomulka
Zhivkov
Husak
Henceforward the Soviet Union used a compliant, "puppet" President to ensure that there would be no return to the liberal policies of 1968
2 .
What name is usually given to the series of reforms passed by the new Party leadership in Czechoslovakia in nearly 1968, in an atmosphere of optimism - especially among young people?
The Czech Spring
The Czechoslovak Spring
The Prague Spring
The New Turning Point
The new reforms, particularly relaxation of censorship, permission to travel abroad and the right to create political parties other than the Communists, alarmed the USSR and its other allies
3 .
What name was given to the Soviet view that Communist states should enjoy only limited sovereignty, as even their internal policies could affect their neighbours?
The Molotov Doctrine
The Bulganin Doctrine
The Chernenko Doctrine
The Brezhnev Doctrine
The Soviet Union and most of its allies believed that members of the Soviet bloc should expect to have their policies, domestic and foreign, criticised and amended by their neighbours
4 .
Which Warsaw Pact state refused to join in the invasion of Czechoslovakia in August 1968?
Romania
Albania
Yugoslovia
Poland
One member state of the Warsaw Pact believed that all members should be freer to pursue their own policies
5 .
Which hard line Communist leader was replaced as Secretary of the Czechoslovak Communist Party a few months before the Warsaw Pact invasion?
Gottwald
Novotny
Grotewohl
Strougal
Czechoslovakia seemed to be going the way of Hungary in 1956: liberal reforms in a heady atmosphere of liberation and the ousting of previous, more repressive leaders
6 .
Which Soviet leader was forced to resign as Communist Party Secretary in 1964, and replaced by Brezhnev, Kosygin and the ideologist Suslov?
Khrushchev
Malenkov
Ponamaryev
Andropov
Khrushchev had made mistakes: the so-called "Virgin Lands" scheme in Central Asia and the failure to defeat the United States in the Cuba Crisis of 1962, among them
7 .
Who was the President of Czechoslovakia during 1968?
Hacha
Svoboda
Zatopek
Masaryk
The Czechoslovak head of state was the President, more of a figurehead than the Party Secretary
8 .
Who was the Czechoslovak Party Secretary whose name is associated with the reforms introduced there in early 1968?
Palach
Sik
Benes
Dubcek
A new leadership contrasted starkly with its Stalinist predecessors which had repressed the Czechoslovak people since 1948
9 .
From which part of Czechoslovakia did the new leader come?
Bohemia
Slovakia
Moravia
Teschen
Czechoslovakia was divided between the industrialised and advanced west, and the more backward and agricultural east
10 .
Which of the Warsaw Pact invaders of 1968 did not share a border with Czechoslovakia?
Bulgaria
Hungary
The Soviet Union
East Germany
Most Warsaw Pact countries did have common borders with Czechoslovakia, which made them even keener to avoid contamination with liberal policies
You can find more about this topic by visiting BBC Bitesize - The Cold War and Vietnam

Author:  Edward Towne

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