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One of Roosevelt's main critics was Huey Long - also known as 'Kingfish'.

USA: 1932-1941 - The Second New Deal

Test your GCSE History skills on the Second New Deal, exploring Roosevelt’s later reforms to jobs, welfare and workers’ rights in the USA between 1935 and 1938.

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Fascinating Fact:

The Wagner Act, or National Labor Relations Act, was passed in 1935. It protected workers’ rights to join trade unions and bargain collectively with employers.

In GCSE History, the Second New Deal helps you understand how Roosevelt moved from emergency relief to longer-term reforms, strengthening workers’ rights, welfare provision and regulation of big business in the USA.

Key Terms

Second New Deal: The wave of reforms introduced from 1935, focusing on long-term security, workers’ rights and support for poorer Americans.
Social Security Act: A 1935 law that created pensions, unemployment insurance and limited help for vulnerable groups in the United States.
Trade union: An organisation of workers that joins together to protect members’ pay, conditions and rights when dealing with employers.

Frequently Asked Questions (Click to see answers)

What was the Second New Deal in GCSE History?

The Second New Deal was Roosevelt’s second phase of reforms from 1935 to 1938. It built on the First New Deal with measures like the Social Security Act and stronger protection for workers.

How did the Second New Deal help American workers?

American workers gained clearer rights to join unions, bargain with employers and receive fairer wages. Agencies such as the WPA also provided jobs on public works projects across the country.

Why did some people criticise the Second New Deal?

Some business leaders and conservatives said it gave the federal government too much power and cost too much. Others on the left argued that the reforms did not go far enough to end poverty.

Try These Related Quizzes

1 .

At the start of 1934, after a year of the New Deal, US unemployment remained very high. What was the approximate figure?

11.3 million

15.2 million

8.1 million

10.2 million

FDR now believed that he would have to introduce much more radical reforms in order to bring the figure down

2 .

The American Liberty League achieved prominence in the mid-1930s. What was its principal agenda?

To safeguard human rights in the USA - especially those of minorities like African Americans

To advance the rights of trade unionists

To fight the New Deal tooth and nail

To try to expose communists and socialists as un-American

The name of the body was carefully chosen. Who, after all, could be opposed to "liberty"?

3 .

One of the great pieces of legislation in the Second New Deal was the National Labour Relations Act, which considerably extended unions' rights when they were dealing with employers. By what name was this measure also known?

The Mahler Act

The Wagner Act

The Bruckner Act

The Strauss Act

A shorter title was more appropriate than the unwieldy official one

4 .

In the 1936 presidential elections FDR trounced the moderate Republican governor of Kansas. What was his name?

Henry Rockefeller

George Chrysler

Alfred M. Landon

George Harding

FDR swept the board in the elections, winning 523 Electoral College votes to 8

5 .

Which US constitutional body declared a number of FDR's alphabetical agencies unconstitutional, especially from the Second New Deal?

The Federal Court

The High Court

The Supreme Court

The Appeal Court

FDR usually gave way, and re-phrased the terms of the intended act to suit the Court

6 .

One of FDR's main critics was the Governor of Louisiana, Huey Long. By what nickname was he better known?

Crocodile

Rattlesnake

Kingfish

Black Bear

Long argued that the New Deal was far too moderate

7 .

What did Long call his campaign to redistribute the nation's wealth in the interests of the poor?

"The Fairer Shares for All" campaign

"The Share our Wealth" campaign

"The Equality" campaign

"The Redistribution" campaign

Long made little progress with this. He was - in any event - assassinated in 1935

8 .

Father Charles Coughlin, of Michigan, suggested even more radical ideas. What was his proposed solution for the banking crisis?

Closing those down who went bankrupt

Drastically restricting banking hours

Requiring account holders to keep a minimum amount in their accounts

Taking the whole banking system into public ownership/nationalisation

Coughlin was also anti-Semitic, which reduced his support in financial circles and elsewhere

9 .

Schechter Poultry Corporation took its case against the Federal Government to the highest constitutional authority. What nickname was given to the case?

The "Sick Chicken Case"

The "Sick Poultry Case"

The "Sick Bird Case"

The "Sick Rooster Case"

Schechter objected to what they regarded as Federal interference in traditional practices

10 .

The right-wing opposition to the Second New Deal came from rich business interests represented by the Republican Party. What kind of economic system did they accuse FDR of trying to establish in the USA?

Socialism/Communism

Anarchism

Liberalism

Social Democracy

This scare-mongering did have some effect in gathering support for business interests against the New Deal

Author: Edward Towne