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5 x 3 is the same as 3 + 3 + 3 + 3 + 3, or 5 + 5 + 5. They all give the answer 15.

Year 2 Calculation - Multiplication (Mental Methods)

Use quick mental multiplication. Make equal groups, skip-count in steps, and use doubles to find answers fast. Great for arrays, bead strings, and everyday number problems.

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Fascinating Fact:

Bead string jumps: 4 × 5. Slide beads in 5s, 5, 10, 15, 20. Four slides, answer = 20.

In KS1 Maths, Year 2 pupils build mental multiplication using equal groups, repeated addition, and skip counting. Arrays, bead strings, and ten-frames help children see patterns and totals clearly.

Key Terms

Equal groups: Sets with the same number in each group, e.g., 4 groups of 5.
Skip counting: Counting in steps like 2s, 5s, or 10s to find a total quickly.
Array: A tidy arrangement in rows and columns that shows a multiplication.

Warm up with a quick challenge: try the Multiplication Game before you start the quiz.

Frequently Asked Questions (Click to see answers)

How do I multiply mentally in Year 2?

Make equal groups and skip-count. For 4 × 5, count 5, 10, 15, 20. You can also think 2 × 5 = 10, then double to 20.

What is the difference between equal groups and arrays?

Equal groups are sets you can count one by one. An array arranges those sets into neat rows and columns to see the total at a glance.

How do bead strings help with 4 × 5?

Move beads in groups of five: 5, 10, 15, 20. Four moves show 4 groups of 5, so the product is 20.

Try These Related Quizzes

Question 1

If 2 hands = 10 fingers, how many fingers will 6 hands be?

30 because 6 x 10 = 30

30 because 3 x 10 = 30

30 because 6 x 2 = 30

30 because 2 x 6 = 30

10 + 10 + 10 = 30, this is the same as 3 x 10

Question 2

What are three lots of four?

4 + 3 = 12

3 + 3 = 12

3 x 4 = 12

3 x 3 = 12

This is the same as 4 + 4 + 4 or 3 + 3 + 3 + 3

Question 3

2 x 3 = 6 so:

3 x 3 = 6

2 + 3 = 6

3 + 2 = 6

3 x 2 = 6

The smaller numbers in a multiplication can go in either order

Question 4

Pizzas are cut into 8 slices. Which calculations show how many slices there would be if there were 3 pizzas?

3 x 8 = 24
8 x 3 = 24
3 + 3 + 3 + 3 + 3 + 3 + 3 + 3 = 24
8 + 8 + 8 = 24

2 x 4 = 8
4 x 2 = 8
4 + 4 = 8
2 + 2 + 2 + 2 = 8

2 x 8 = 16
8 x 2 = 16
2 + 2 + 2 + 2 + 2 + 2 + 2 + 2 = 16
8 + 8 = 16

4 x 8 = 32
8 x 4 = 32
8 + 8 + 8 + 8 = 32
4 + 4 + 4 + 4 + 4 + 4 + 4 + 4 = 32

If each pizza has 8 slices, and there are 3 pizzas, this is the same as 8 x 3 or 3 x 8

Question 5

2 + 2 + 2 + 2 is the same as:

4 x 4

2 x 2

4 x 2

2 x 2 x 2 x 2

Multiplication is the same as repeated addition

Question 6

Jane makes rows of sweets. She puts 5 sweets in each row.
If she makes 4 rows, how many sweets will she use?

45 because 4 x 5 = 45

54 because 5 x 4 = 54

25 because 5 x 5 = 25

20 because 5 x 4 or 4 x 5 = 20

This is the same as 5 + 5 + 5 + 5

Question 7

Which of the following calculations is correct?

4 x 4 = 16

4 + 4 + 4 = 16

3 = 4 = 16

4 + 4 + 4 + 4 + 4 = 16

4 x 4 is the same as 4 + 4 + 4 + 4 = 16

Question 8

Which calculation 'family' would be most appropriate to describe 15 cakes?

3 x 4 = 12
4 x 3 = 12
3 + 3 + 3 + 3 = 12
4 + 4 + 4 = 12

3 x 5 = 15
5 x 3 = 15
3 + 3 + 3 + 3 + 3 = 15
5 + 5 + 5 = 15

5 x 4 = 20
4 x 5 = 20
4 + 4 + 4 + 4 = 20
5 + 5 + 5 + 5 = 20

6 x 4 = 24
4 x 6 = 24
4 + 4 + 4 + 4 + 4 + 4 = 24
6 + 6 + 6 + 6 = 24

15 cakes could be arranged in 3 rows of 5, or 5 rows of 3

Question 9

Which of the following calculations is incorrect?

2 x 6 = 12

6 x 2 = 12

2 + 2 + 2 + 2 + 2 + 2 = 12

4 x 4 = 12

All the others show some of the different ways 12 can be made

Question 10

Which of the following calculations is correct?

4 x 3 = 12

3 x 3 = 12

2 x 4 = 12

4 x 4 x 4 = 12

3 x 4, 3 + 3 + 3 + 3 and 4 + 4 + 4 would also give the same answer

You can find more about this topic by visiting BBC Bitesize - Multiplying and dividing

Author: Angela Smith (Primary School Teacher & KS1 Quiz Writer)

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