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Spelling:  Graphemes
In the word 'buzz', the grapheme ‘zz’ only makes one sound.

Spelling: Graphemes

Graphemes are the letters that represent sounds in words. This KS2 English quiz helps pupils understand how different letters can make the same sound.

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Fascinating Fact:

Some graphemes look different but sound the same, like “ou” and “ow” in “cloud” and “cow.”

In KS2 English, pupils learn that graphemes are written symbols that represent sounds called phonemes. Different graphemes can make the same sound, such as “ee” in tree and “ea” in beach. Recognising these patterns helps with reading and spelling.

  • Grapheme: A written letter or group of letters that represents a single sound.
  • Phoneme: The smallest unit of sound in a word, such as the “sh” in ship.
  • Digraph: Two letters that work together to make one sound, like “ch” or “th.”
What is the difference between a grapheme and a phoneme?

A grapheme is the written form of a sound, while a phoneme is the sound itself that we say when reading or speaking a word.

Why are graphemes important in spelling?

Graphemes help children match letters to sounds. Understanding them makes it easier to decode new words and spell correctly.

How many graphemes are there in English?

There are around 44 phonemes in English, and they can be written in more than 150 different ways using graphemes.

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1 .
Look at the word carefully. Choose the answer that is NOT a grapheme.
Laptop
L
a
pt
p
'p' and 't' make two separate sounds.
2 .
Look at the word carefully. Choose the answer that is NOT a grapheme.
Autumn
Au
Aut
u
mn
'Au' and 't' each make a separate sound - 'mn' only represents one phoneme because it makes one sound.
3 .
Look at the word carefully. Choose the answer that is NOT a grapheme.
Dress
Dr
r
e
ss
'D' and 'r' are separate graphemes, while 'ss' makes a single sound.
4 .
Look at the word carefully. Choose the answer that is NOT a grapheme.
Stick
S
t
c
ck
The 'c' does not make a separate sound from the 'k', so in this word, it is NOT a separate grapheme.
5 .
Look at the word carefully. Choose the answer that is NOT a grapheme.
Friday
Fr
i
d
ay
'F' and 'r' each make a separate sound.
6 .
Look at the word carefully. Choose the answer that is NOT a grapheme.
Weather
W
ea
t
th
The letter 't' does not make a separate sound in 'weather'.
7 .
Look at the word carefully. Choose the answer that is NOT a grapheme.
Play
P
l
a
ay
'ay' is the grapheme that makes the vowel sound you can hear in the word 'play'.
8 .
Look at the word carefully. Choose the answer that is NOT a grapheme.
Elephant
E
p
ph
t
The letter 'p' does not make a separate sound in this word - it needs the 'h' to make the 'ph' sound also found in 'phone'.
9 .
Look at the word carefully. Choose the answer that is NOT a grapheme.
Blanket
B
l
k
et
'e' and 't' are two separate graphemes because they each make a different sound.
10 .
Look at the word carefully. Choose the answer that is NOT a grapheme.
Window
W
i
nd
ow
'n' and 'd' represent two phonemes, rather than one; 'ow' makes a single sound.
You can find more about this topic by visiting BBC Bitesize - Graphemes

Author:  Sheri Smith (PhD English Literature, English Teacher & Quiz Writer)

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