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Basic Anatomy - Tissues and Organs

See how well you know the body in this quiz.

Basic Anatomy - Tissues and Organs

This Science quiz is called 'Basic Anatomy - Tissues and Organs' and it has been written by teachers to help you if you are studying the subject at middle school. Playing educational quizzes is a fabulous way to learn if you are in the 6th, 7th or 8th grade - aged 11 to 14.

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As you grow older you become more aware of your body, so let's focus on the different parts of the body. Every facet of your body plays a vital and important role in your very survival and existence. So let’s begin with the very basics of the anatomy – the tissues and the organs.

In middle school science you'll learn about cells and cell structure. In the body, when you group together related cells they form what is known as tissues. The human body is made up of 4 primary tissues known as the epithelial tissue, the connective tissue, the muscle tissue and the nerve tissue. Now let’s see how each is important and how they work.

The Epithelial Tissue is the grouping of related cells that form a kind of lining over different parts of the human body. This lining helps to keep the different organs separated. It also helps to protect the organs. Examples of the epithelial tissue include the outer layer of skin, the lining inside of the mouth and the lining found in the stomach.

The Connective Tissue is the grouping of related cells that actually give the body support and structure as the connective tissue contains fibrous strands of protein collagen. Examples of connective tissues include the inner layers of the skin, tendons, cartilage, ligaments and bone and fat tissue. In addition, the blood is also a form of the connective tissue.

The Muscle Tissue is the grouping of related cells that contain proteins actin and myosin that slide past one another. This allows the body to be more flexible and it is found in virtually every muscle of the body.

The Nerve Tissue is the grouping of two related cells known as the neurons and glial cells. The nerve tissue actually has the ability to generate and conduct electrical signals in the body that send messages to the brain and down the spinal cord. These signals tell us to walk, sit, talk, breathe, sleep, eat, smile, cry, etc.

After the 4 primary tissues we next turn to the body’s organs. An organ is a structure that will contain at least two different types of tissues. Just as we have different tissue types, the body contains many different organs that all have a specialized function. These organs include the liver, the kidneys, the lungs, the heart, the pancreas, the stomach and the skin. Did you know that the skin is actually the largest of all the organs?

The skin has three layers to it. There is the epidermis which is the outermost layer, the dermis which is the connective tissue just below the epidermis and it contains blood vessels that nourish the skin and it contains nerve tissues that provide feelings in the skin, and then there is the subcutaneous layer which lies below the dermis. The subcutaneous layer is made up of mostly connective tissue called adipose tissue which is more commonly known as fat. It helps to cushion the skin and protect it from extremes in temperature.

Organ Functions

Each organ, besides the skin, has a specific function that it must perform. There are many organs but we will focus on the liver, the kidneys, the lungs, the heart, the pancreas and the stomach.

The liver’s main function is to produce bile by breaking down fats converted to glucose (sugars). It also filters harmful substances from the blood such as alcohol and it absorbs vitamins and minerals responsible for producing cholesterol.

The kidneys filter blood plasma by separating it from waste. It also regulates the body’s blood pressure. The kidneys’ main responsibility, in short, is to keep the blood clean.

The lungs of the body (in which there are two) help to provide the body with oxygen and they expel carbon dioxide which is bodily waste produced by cellular metabolism.

The heart pumps blood throughout the body. The circulation of the blood contains oxygen and food for the cells and other organs of the body.

The pancreas is part of the digestive system and it secretes enzymes needed to digest starch. It also secretes insulin which helps maintain the blood sugar level of the body.

The stomach is also part of the digestive system. It is where food is stored and broken down. The stomach acid and enzymes also help to kill bacteria and other infectious organisms that a person may have eaten. The stomach is coated with a mucus layer that keeps the stomach acids from leaking into the body as the stomach acid can damage other body organs.

1.
This is made up of mostly connective tissue called adipose tissue which is more commonly known as fat.
Subcutaneous layer
Dermis
Nerve Tissue
Muscle Tissue
The subcutaneous layer of the skin is made up of mostly connective tissue called adipose tissue which is more commonly known as fat. Answer (a) is correct
2.
This produces acid and enzymes that help to kill bacteria and other infectious organisms consumed by a person.
Liver
Kidney
Stomach
Pancreas
The stomach produces acid and enzymes that help to kill bacteria and other infectious organisms consumed (or eaten) by a person. Answer (c) is correct
3.
This is the outermost layer of the body.
Subcutaneous layer
Dermis
Epidermis
Skin
The skin is composed of three layers and the outermost layer is the epidermis. Answer (c) is correct
4.
This organ filters blood plasma by separating it from waste.
Liver
Kidney
Pancreas
Stomach
The organ that works to filter blood plasma by separating it from waste is the kidney. Answer (b) is correct
5.
This organ helps to provide the body with oxygen and it expels carbon dioxide.
Kidney
Pancreas
Liver
Lung
The lung (of which there are two in the body) helps to provide the body with oxygen and it expels carbon dioxide. Answer (d) is correct
6.
This is the grouping of related cells that contain proteins actin and myosin that slide past one another.
Muscle Tissue
Nerve Tissue
Epithelial Tissue
Connective Tissue
The grouping of related cells that contain proteins actin and myosin that slide past one another is known as the muscle tissue. Answer (a) is correct
7.
This is the largest organ of the body.
Lungs
Heart
Stomach
Skin
The skin is the largest organ of the body. Answer (d) is correct
8.
This contains blood vessels that nourish the skin, as well as nerve tissues that provide feelings in the skin.
Epithelial Tissue
Dermis
Epidermis
Nerve Tissue
The dermis layer of the skin contains blood vessels that nourish the skin, as well as nerve tissues that provide feelings in the skin. Answer (b) is correct
9.
This tissue contains fibrous strands of protein collagen.
Nerve Tissue
Muscle Tissue
Connective Tissue
Epithelial Tissue
Tissue that contains fibrous strands of protein collagen is known as the connective tissue. Answer (c) is correct
10.
This tissue helps to keep the different organs in the body separated.
Epithelial Tissue
Muscle Tissue
Nerve Tissue
Connective Tissue
The epithelial tissue consists of a related grouping of cells that create linings in the body and helps to keep the different organs separated. Answer (a) is correct
Author:  Christine G. Broome

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