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Grammar - This and That and These and Those
Mother would love to have that plant. But how would you say THAT in Spanish?

Grammar - This and That and These and Those

This Spanish Medium Review quiz will cover how to use the demonstrative adjectives of this and that and these and those. In other words, they are used to point to something such as 'that book' or 'those shoes'.

In English, this and that are the singular form of demonstrative adjectives while these and those are the plural forms. That’s a total of 4 demonstrative adjectives. As you know, Spanish uses masculine words and feminine words and that also holds true when it comes to demonstrative adjectives. Therefore, there are a total of 12 demonstrative adjective in Spanish. Those 12 are as follows:

MASCULINE

  • this (singular) --- este
  • that (singular) --- ese
  • that (singular) --- aquel
  • these (plural) --- estos
  • those (plural) --- esos
  • those (plural) --- aquellos

FEMININE

  • this (singular) --- esta
  • that (singular) --- esa
  • that (singular) --- aquella
  • these (plural) --- estas
  • those (plural) --- esas
  • those (plural) --- aquellas

IT DEPENDS UPON DISTANCE

You might be wondering why there are different ways to say that and those, i.e., 'ese/aquel, esos/aquellos' and 'esa/aquella, esas/aquellas'. The difference has to do with distance. For example, in English we would say, 'that dress' when we are referring to something closer to us or in our minds (such as 'that dress I wore on my birthday'). In Spanish we would say, ese vestido. If the dress is at a distance from us, in English we would say, 'that dress over there'. It points to the fact that the dress is located away from you. In Spanish to indicate this distance you would say, 'aquel vestido'. Therefore, 'aquel, aquellos, aquella' and 'aquellas' should be used when indicating a distance where in English it would be said as 'over there'.

Looking at the examples given above, i.e., 'this book' and 'those shoes', in Spanish these would read as, 'este libro' and 'esos zapatos'. As the objects/nouns are masculine, so are the demonstrative adjectives. For 'that house' you would have 'esa casa'. House is feminine so the demonstrative adjective is also feminine. Happily it is a simple rule to remember.

Now it is time to take the quiz. There are ten sentences with each sentence containing a demonstrative adjective. Your task is to find the demonstrative adjective (as it will not be shown in all capitalized letters) and then locate the Spanish demonstrative adjective that can replace the English one. Do not forget to watch for masculine and feminine words and whether the object is singular or plural.

1.
Do you see those children?
esos
aquellos
esas
aquellas
This sentence does not include the words 'over there'. Therefore, you can eliminate the second and last answers. The demonstrative adjective is the word those. The Spanish word for children is niños when it is all boys or a mixture of boys and girls. As you do not know if the children are all boys, all girls, or a mixture of both, you always use the masculine form of the word. Therefore, those must be masculine. The masculine form of those is esos.
2.
Did you see that turkey?
aquel
ese
esa
aquella
This sentence does not include the words 'over there'. Therefore, you can eliminate the first and last answers. The demonstrative adjective is the word that. The Spanish word for turkey is pavo which is a masculine word. Therefore, that must be masculine. The masculine form of that is ese.
3.
I want to buy these apples.
estos
esos
estas
esas
The demonstrative adjective in this sentence is these. The Spanish word for apples is manzanas which is a feminine word. Therefore, these must be in the feminine form and in the plural form. The first and second answers show the masculine form so they can be eliminated. The Spanish word for these (feminine) is estas.
4.
I would lilke to give these horses some oats.
este
estas
estos
esta
The demonstrative adjective in this sentence is these. The Spanish word for horses is caballos which is a masculine word. Therefore, these must be in the masculine form and in the plural form. The second and last answers can be eliminated as they both are in the feminine form. The first answer can be eliminated because it is in the singular form. The third answer translates as these horses.
5.
Can you get me those shirts over there?
aquellos
esas
esos
aquellas
The demonstrative adjective in this sentence is those. This sentence also contains the words 'over there'. When the words 'over there' are included it is showing that there is a distance to the object or thing. The second and third answers can be eliminated as they do not indicate a distance. The Spanish word for shirts is camisas which is a feminine word. Therefore, the demonstrative adjective must be feminine and plural as well. The last answer shows the correct feminine, demonstrative, plural adjective for 'those shirts'.
6.
I will give that money to you.
ese
esa
aquella
aquel
This sentence does not include the words 'over there'. Therefore, you can eliminate the third and last answers. The demonstrative adjective is the word that. The Spanish word for money is dinero which is a masculine word. The second answer shows the feminine demonstrative adjective for that so it, too, can be eliminate. The correct masculine, demonstrative adjective for that is ese.
7.
I would love to have more of this flower.
estas
este
estos
esta
The demonstrative adjective in this sentence is this. The Spanish word for flower is flor which is a feminine word. Therefore, this must be in the feminine form and in the singular form. The second and third answers can be eliminated as they both are in the masculine form. The first answer can be eliminated because it is in the plural form. The last answer translates as 'this flower'.
8.
Put the plate on that table over there.
esa
aquella
aquel
ese
The demonstrative adjective in this sentence is that. This sentence also contains the words 'over there'. When the words 'over there' are included it is showing that there is a distance to the object or thing. The first and last answers can be eliminated as they do not indicate a distance. The Spanish word for table is mesa which is a feminine word. Therefore, the demonstrative adjective must be feminine and singular as well. The third answer shows the masculine demonstrative adjective for that while the second answer shows the feminine. Therefore, the second answer is the correct feminine, singular demonstrative adjective.
9.
Mother would love to have that plant.
aquel
aquella
esa
ese
This sentence does not include the words 'over there'. Therefore, you can eliminate the first and second answers. The demonstrative adjective is the word that. The Spanish word for plant is planta which is a feminine word. Therefore, that must be feminine. The feminine form of that is esa.
10.
Michael was looking at those cars over there.
estos
aquellas
estas
aquellos
The demonstrative adjective in this sentence is those. This sentence also contains the words 'over there'. When the words 'over there' are included it is showing that there is a distance to the object or thing. The first and third answers can be eliminated as they do not indicate a distance. The Spanish word for cars is coches which is a masculine word. Therefore, the demonstrative adjective must be masculine and plural as well. The last answer shows the correct masculine, demonstrative, plural adjective for 'those cars'.
Author:  Christine G. Broome

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