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Adult cell cloning was first demonstrated in frogs.

Unit 1 - Cloning

In this GCSE Biology quiz you will revise cloning, from identical plant clones to animals produced by embryo cloning, and think about its benefits, risks, and ethical questions.

Explore the Topic →

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Fascinating Fact:

In tissue culture, small groups of plant cells are grown in sterile conditions with nutrients and hormones to produce many identical plant clones.

In GCSE Biology, cloning means producing genetically identical copies of organisms. You study how plants are cloned by tissue culture and cuttings, and how animals can be cloned using embryo splitting and adult cell cloning. These methods help in agriculture, medicine, and conservation but also raise important ethical and safety questions.

Key Terms

Clone: An organism or cell that is genetically identical to another organism or cell.
Tissue culture: A method of growing plant cells in sterile conditions with nutrients and hormones to produce many identical plants.
Embryo cloning: A process where an early embryo is split into separate cells, which are grown into genetically identical offspring.

Frequently Asked Questions (Click to see answers)

What is cloning in GCSE Biology?

In GCSE Biology, cloning is the production of genetically identical copies of organisms or cells. It can be done in plants using tissue culture and in animals using embryo or adult cell cloning.

How does tissue culture cloning work in plants?

In tissue culture, a few plant cells are taken from a parent plant and grown in sterile conditions with nutrients and hormones. These cells divide and develop into many identical plantlets.

What are the advantages and disadvantages of cloning?

Cloning can quickly produce many identical plants or valuable animals with useful traits, but it reduces genetic variation and may increase the risk of disease or raise ethical concerns about animal welfare.

Try These Related Quizzes

1 .

During cloning, what is an electrical current used for?

To stimulate cell division

To destroy the egg cell nucleus

To start growth of the egg

To remove the contents of the fused cells

When cell division has started, the cloned egg cell can be implanted into the surrogate mother

2 .

A special type of cloning splits apart cells from a developing animal. What is this type of cloning called?

Embryo transplant cloning

Donor cell cloning

Egg cell cloning

Surrogate cloning

Large numbers of genetically identical offspring, with the desired characteristics, can be produced using embryo transplant cloning

3 .

Which gamete cell is needed for cloning?

Sperm

Egg

Brain

Skin

It is the egg cell and not the sperm that develops into an embryo after fertilisation so it is not possible to use the sperm cell for cloning

4 .

The cloned animal has the same DNA as which of the following?

The father

The mother

The surrogate

The donor

The DNA is contained in the nucleus of every cell. Since the donor provides a complete nucleus, the cloned animal will have the same DNA

5 .

What is the animal that gives birth to the cloned animal known as?

A carrier

A suffragette

A surrogate

A sufferer

The cloned egg cells must be stimulated to grow before they can be placed into the uterus of the surrogate mother

6 .

Cloning is an example of which type of reproduction?

Sexual

Asexual

Binary fission

Conjugation

Cloning always produces individuals who are genetically identical to the donor and each other

7 .

Cloning has not been demonstrated in which of the following?

Plants

Sheep

Humans

Cattle

It is too controversial to do this but there are some speculative fiction films that attempt to deal with this topic

8 .

Adult cell cloning was first demonstrated in which type of animal?

Sheep

Frogs

Dogs

Chickens

This happened in 1958 and was carried out by a scientist called John Gurden at Oxford university

9 .

Enucleate means the removal of what?

A cell

A nucleus

An egg

A sperm

The nucleus is removed to make space for the DNA of the donor animal

10 .

Where is the cloned animal grown?

Test tube

Ovary

Uterus (womb)

Oven

Cloning of animals requires that the embryo is grown naturally in the uterus of a female of the species being cloned

You can find more about this topic by visiting BBC Bitesize - Cloning

Author: Donna Davidson (GCSE Biology Teacher & Examiner, Quiz Writer)

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