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Iron (as found in this rusty gate above) makes up the majority of the earth's core.

Earthquakes and Volcanoes 01

Earthquakes and volcanoes can change landscapes in minutes. This KS3 Geography quiz explores tectonic plates, plate boundaries and how these powerful events affect people around the world.

Explore the Topic →

(quiz starts below)

Fascinating Fact:

The Earth has three main layers called the core, mantle and crust, and the thin crust is cracked into large pieces known as plates.

In KS3 Geography, you study how movement of tectonic plates causes earthquakes and volcanic eruptions. You also explore how people prepare for, respond to and try to reduce the impacts.

Key Terms

Tectonic plate: A large, rigid piece of the Earth’s crust that slowly moves over the mantle.
Epicentre: The point on the Earth’s surface directly above the focus of an earthquake.
Volcano: An opening in the Earth’s crust where magma, ash and gases can reach the surface.

Frequently Asked Questions (Click to see answers)

What causes most earthquakes and volcanoes in KS3 Geography?

Most earthquakes and volcanoes are caused by movement of tectonic plates. Plates collide, move apart or slide past each other, releasing energy or allowing magma to reach the surface.

Where do most earthquakes and volcanoes happen in the world?

Many earthquakes and volcanoes occur along plate boundaries, especially around the Pacific Ring of Fire, where several tectonic plates meet and move against each other.

What is the difference between an earthquake and a volcano?

An earthquake is a sudden shaking of the ground caused by movement of rocks in the crust. A volcano is a vent where molten rock, ash and gas escape from inside the Earth.

Try These Related Quizzes

1 .

Which of these areas is unlikely to suffer an earthquake?

California

Japan

New Zealand

Scandinavia

It isn't in an unstable part of the Earth's crust because it is not near to a plate boundary

2 .

What instrument is used to measure an earthquake?

Anemometer

Galvanometer

Seismometer

Shakeometer

The most common scale for measuring the strength of an earthquake is the Richter scale

3 .

What is the name for the main opening in a volcano?

Chimney

Downpipe

Vein

Vent

A vent usually appears at the surface as a crater if the volcano is still active. You can still see craters in extinct volcanoes if they haven't been eroded too much

4 .

What type of volcano has not erupted for many years but could still do so?

Dormant

Extinct

Snoozing

Somnolent

The name dormant suggests that it's 'sleeping'

5 .

The earth's crust is made up of separate pieces called what?

Plates

Platters

Saucers

Slabs

These move in different directions at the speed of a fingernail growing

6 .

The earth is made up of how many layers?

These are the inner core, the outer core, the mantle and the crust

7 .

Molten rock inside the earth has what name?

Lava

Magenta

Magma

Silica

It's called lava only if it flows out of a volcano

8 .

The earth's core is mainly made up of which metal?

Copper

Iron

Magnesium

Zinc

Approximately 90% iron, 10% nickel

9 .

Why doesn't the UK have any active volcanoes?

It doesn't have high enough mountains

It doesn't lie on a plate boundary

It is surrounded by sea

The earth underneath isn't hot enough

The last British volcanoes were active over 30 million years ago

10 .

What is the name of the earth's thin surface layer?

Crust

Mantle

Shell

Veneer

Although 'thin' it can be between 5 and 60+ km thick. That's a lot of km, but it is thin when compared with the rest of the thickness of the Earth

You can find more about this topic by visiting BBC Bitesize - Disasters and responses

Author: Jan Crompton (KS3 Geography & History Teacher, Professional Quiz Writer)

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