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Periods - Modern Art
A psychedelic pattern - all the rage in the 1960s, but also the 1890s?

Periods - Modern Art

What became known as Modern art began towards the end of the 19th century with artists like Vincent van Gogh, Paul Cézanne, Paul Gauguin, Georges Seurat and Henri de Toulouse-Lautrec, whose works moved ever further from realism and closer towards abstraction, paving the way for the 20th century Modern artists who followed.

Modern art began to truly blossom in the early years of the 20th century with artists such as Henri Matisse and André Derain who revolutionised the art world with their brightly coloured 'Fauvist' paintings. Then, in 1907 Pablo Picasso painted his first Cubist picture, Les Demoiselles d'Avignon. Soon after came the Surrealist style which developed between the two World Wars, with artists like Paul Klee, Max Ernst and Salvador Dali.

After World War II the focal point of Modern Art switched from Europe to the USA and new styles such as Pop art, Minimal Art and Abstract Expressionism grew up in the 1950s and 60s. Modern Art is said to have ended in the 1970s but the visual arts have continued to develop and more recent artists are referred to as either Post Modern or Contemporary.

For a closer look at the pictures, please click on them to enlarge.
1.
This sculpture Sylvette can be seen in the Dutch city of Rotterdam. It was built in 1970 and is the largest sculpture by which Modern artist who is more famous for his paintings?
Pablo Picasso
Andy Warhol
Salvador Dali
David Hockney
Picasso is perhaps the most influential of all Modern artists. He is known as the co-founder of Cubism and as well as being a painter he was also a sculptor, a printmaker, a ceramicist, a stage designer, a poet and a playwright. His most famous work is probably Guernica, a 1937 piece which portrays the German bombing of that Spanish village which took place during the Spanish Civil War
2.
A Sunday Afternoon on the Island of La Grande Jatte is probably the most famous work by Post-Impressionist Georges-Pierre Seurat. What is the name of the technique he used in this work, in which small, distinct dots of paint are applied in patterns to create an image?
Pointillism
Dotism
Pixelism
Spotism
The technique is also known as Divisionism and was named Pointillism by art critics who wished to ridicule it. Seurat founded the Neo-Impressionist movement which favoured Pointillism
3.
This painting of 1913 is by the Austrian painter Egon Schiele. It is a representation of which other Modern Artist who was idolised by Schiele?
Gustav Klimt
Auguste Rodin
Paul Klee
Vincent van Gogh
After he had been admitted to the Academy of Fine Arts Schiele sought out his idol, Klimt, to show him some of his works. Klimt took an interest in this talented young man and bought some of his drawings. He also introduced Schiele to some possible patrons
4.
This portrait is of Vincent van Gogh, one of the first artists to be considered as being Modern. It was created by another early Modern artist. What was his name?
Paul Cézanne
Francisco Goya
Henri de Toulouse-Lautrec
Edgar Degas
Toulouse-Lautrec and van Gogh were two of the main Post-Impressionist painters. As well as being a painter Toulouse-Lautrec was also a printmaker, a draughtsman and an illustrator. He created posters for shows in late 19th century Paris and captured the sometimes decadent spirit of the time. Due to a genetic illness his legs stopped growing in his childhood. He also suffered with alcoholism and it was this which killed him in 1901 at the age of 36
5.
Franz Marc was a German artist who often painted colourful pictures of animals. The outbreak of war in 1914 had changed his outlook and he painted this piece in 1915. What is its name?
Kingdom of the Animals
Fate of the Animals
Slaughter of the Animals
Death of the Animals
Marc had begun to see the ugliness in animals which he used to think only existed in humans. He was no longer able to see the beauty he once had and he came to recognise animals as a part of the world of man and in need of redemption. He hoped that the World War I would cleanse the world of all that was bad. He was killed in action in 1916 as he fought in this 'cleansing' war
6.
Spirit of the Dead Watching is an 1892 painting by Paul Gauguin of a nude Tahitian girl being watched by a ghost. Who was the girl in the painting?
She was Gaugin's slave
She was Gaugin's wife
She was Gaugin's servant
She was Gaugin's daughter
The girl is Gauguin's Tahitian wife Tehura who was only 14 years old at the time. The picture is what Gaugin saw one night when he arrived home to find her "immobile, naked, lying face downward on the bed with the eyes inordinately large with fear . . . Might she not with her frightened face take me for one of the demons and spectres of the Tupapaus, with which the legends of her race people sleepless nights?"
7.
This 1927 sculpture by French artist Gaston Lachaise is based on one which was originally seated on a sofa. The piece was broken and Lachaise adapted it so that the figure was raised into the air. What is the title of this modified statue?
Photograph courtesy of Gaston Lachaise
Flying Figure
Raised Woman
Floating figure
Levitating Woman
Lachaise was most noted for his female nudes like this one, and his more famous Standing Woman. A native of Paris, he moved to the USA when he was 24 after he fell in love with an American woman. Whilst there his art was influenced by the new culture which surrounded him
8.
What is the name of this 1982 sculpture by the British artist Henry Moore?
Large Upright Internal/External Form
In the Womb
Vertical, Interior/Exterior Figure
Embrace
Moore was instrumental in the development of Modernism in Britain and was productive until shortly before his death in 1986.
This piece was one of 28 works by Moore to be displayed in Kew Gardens, London, in 2007
9.
The background of this Paul Signac Portrait of Félix Fénéon is almost psychedelic and bears a similarity to 1960s works such as Jimi Hendrix's Purple Haze or The Beatles' Yellow Submarine, but in what year was it painted?
1970
1960
1940
1890
Paul Signac, was a French neo-impressionist painter who, along with Seurat, had helped to develop pointillism. This particular painting is an expression of the essence of the subject (an art critic and anarchist) as felt by the artist
10.
What is the name of this piece by the Russian artist Kazimir Malevich, possibly his most famous work?
Darkness
White Border
Emptiness
Black Square
Black Square is a piece in the Suprematism style. Suprematism concentrated on simple geometric shapes like circles, squares, lines, and rectangles. It also used only a few colours. Other Supermatist works by Malevich include Black Circle (a black circle on a white background) and White on White (a lopsided white square on a slightly different shade of white background)

 

Author:  Graeme Haw

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