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Limestone Scenery 02
The Peak District has a large limestone area.

Limestone Scenery 02

This KS3 Geography quiz looks at British limestone. Discover how different limestone types formed, and why Carboniferous limestone creates some of our steepest cliffs, pavements and gorges.

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(quiz starts below)

Fascinating Fact:

There are two main types of limestone in Britain, and the older Carboniferous limestone, formed about 363–325 million years ago, creates the most dramatic limestone scenery.

In KS3 Geography, you learn how rock type affects landscape. British limestone can be older Carboniferous limestone or younger Jurassic limestone, and each creates different landforms, from bare pavements to rolling hillsides and cliffs.

Key Terms

  • Carboniferous limestone: An older limestone formed in warm tropical seas hundreds of millions of years ago, often making steep cliffs, gorges and limestone pavements.
  • Jurassic limestone: A younger limestone formed later in Earth’s history, usually creating gentler landscapes with rounded hills and escarpments.
  • Limestone pavement: A flat blocky surface of exposed limestone with deep cracks called grykes and blocks called clints, created by weathering.

Frequently Asked Questions (Click to see answers)

What are the main types of limestone in Britain?

In Britain the two main types of limestone are Carboniferous limestone and Jurassic limestone. Carboniferous limestone is older and often forms dramatic cliffs, while Jurassic limestone forms smoother upland areas.

Why does Carboniferous limestone give dramatic scenery?

Carboniferous limestone is thick, heavily jointed and easily dissolved by acidic rainwater. This combination helps create steep scar cliffs, deep gorges, caves and blocky limestone pavements.

Where can I see limestone scenery in the UK for KS3 Geography?

Classic limestone scenery can be seen in the Yorkshire Dales, the Peak District, the Mendip Hills and parts of South Wales, where pavements, gorges and caves are well developed.

Try These Related Quizzes

1 .
Why does a gorge floor contain lots of boulders?
From the collapse of a cavern roof
They were carried there by glaciers
They were deposited by streams
They were thrown by vandals
This can happen when a cave or cavern has formed close to the surface
2 .
Which of these National Parks has the most extensive limestone area?
Dartmoor
Lake District
Peak District
Snowdonia
The Peak District is mainly in Derbyshire but extends into neighbouring counties
3 .
Gordale Scar in Yorkshire is an example of what?
A gorge
A limestone pavement
A stalactite
A swallow hole
It's approximately 15-16 million years old
4 .
Redeposited limestone rising from a cave floor has what name?
Dolomite
Kryptonite
Stalactite
Stalagmite
The largest of these can be millions of years old - they grow at a very slow rate
5 .
Rainwater attacks limestone by which process?
Abrasion
Chemical weathering
Exfoliation
Physical weathering
Limestone dissolves in rainwater because rainwater is naturally slightly acidic
6 .
On a diagram, limestone has what type of shading?
Brick wall
Circles
Cross hatching
Diagonal stripes
Because the rock is full of cracks like some brick walls
7 .
Lines of horizontal weakness between layers of limestone are called what?
Bedding planes
Carboniferous fissures
Rupture lines
Settling levels
Most sedimentary rocks have bedding planes
8 .
Which streams only appear on limestone after heavy rain?
Intermittent
Latent
Misfit
Sub-continuous
They will only appear when there has been a lot of rain. Some are seasonal and disappear in the summer, like the river Manifold on the border of Derbyshire and Staffordshire
9 .
Limestone areas often have which economic activity?
Coal mining
Fishing
Forestry
Quarrying
The rock has many uses e.g. building, in steelworks, making toothpaste
10 .
What are upright blocks in a limestone pavement called?
Brads
Clints
Grints
Tors
The gaps between them are called grykes
Author:  Jan Crompton (KS3 Geography & History Teacher, Professional Quiz Writer)
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