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Limestone Scenery 02
The Peak District has a large limestone area.

Limestone Scenery 02

This KS3 Geography quiz takes a second look at limestone scenery. Limestone is a sedimentary rock composed largely of the minerals calcite and/or aragonite, which are different crystal forms of calcium carbonate (CaCO3). Sedimentary rocks are deposited in layers on the beds of oceans, seas, lakes and occasionally on dry land. The breaks between the layers are called bedding planes. They are usually areas of weakness in a mass of rock. Carboniferous limestone is no exception, but not only does it contain bedding planes, it also contains a lot of vertical joints.

Rainwater is slightly acidic and, as you should have learnt in your science lessons, calcium carbonate will dissolve in acids. Rainwater slowly dissolves the vertical joints, widening them and creating a limestone pavement. As the water travels deeper underground, it can still dissolve the limestone, particularly along the bedding planes. This is how caves and caverns are formed. A cave or cavern that is close to the surface of the earth can suffer from a collapsed roof, creating a deep and steep-sided limestone gorge.

1 .
Lines of horizontal weakness between layers of limestone are called what?
Bedding planes
Carboniferous fissures
Rupture lines
Settling levels
Most sedimentary rocks have bedding planes
2 .
On a diagram, limestone has what type of shading?
Brick wall
Circles
Cross hatching
Diagonal stripes
Because the rock is full of cracks like some brick walls
3 .
Rainwater attacks limestone by which process?
Abrasion
Chemical weathering
Exfoliation
Physical weathering
Limestone dissolves in rainwater because rainwater is naturally slightly acidic
4 .
Which of these National Parks has the most extensive limestone area?
Dartmoor
Lake District
Peak District
Snowdonia
The Peak District is mainly in Derbyshire but extends into neighbouring counties
5 .
Why does a gorge floor contain lots of boulders?
From the collapse of a cavern roof
They were carried there by glaciers
They were deposited by streams
They were thrown by vandals
This can happen when a cave or cavern has formed close to the surface
6 .
Gordale Scar in Yorkshire is an example of what?
A gorge
A limestone pavement
A stalactite
A swallow hole
It's approximately 15-16 million years old
7 .
Limestone areas often have which economic activity?
Coal mining
Fishing
Forestry
Quarrying
The rock has many uses e.g. building, in steelworks, making toothpaste
8 .
Redeposited limestone rising from a cave floor has what name?
Dolomite
Kryptonite
Stalactite
Stalagmite
The largest of these can be millions of years old - they grow at a very slow rate
9 .
Which streams only appear on limestone after heavy rain?
Intermittent
Latent
Misfit
Sub-continuous
They will only appear when there has been a lot of rain. Some are seasonal and disappear in the summer, like the river Manifold on the border of Derbyshire and Staffordshire
10 .
What are upright blocks in a limestone pavement called?
Brads
Clints
Grints
Tors
The gaps between them are called grykes
Author:  Jan Crompton

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